Needs assessment of people living with cognitive impairment/dementia, a requirement of comprehensive psychogeriatric assessment and person-centered care. Empirical validation of the model in a community study

IntroductionCognitive impairment and dementia are part of a continuum that progressively leads to functional impairment and dependency. Dementia is a paradigmatic example of chronic and complex psychogeriatric diseases, requiring a comprehensive assessment. The authors underline the importance of im...

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Main Authors: Javier Vicente-Alba, Jesús Gutiérrez-Botella, Carmen García-Mahía, Raimundo Mateos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-12-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychiatry
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1481898/full
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author Javier Vicente-Alba
Javier Vicente-Alba
Jesús Gutiérrez-Botella
Carmen García-Mahía
Carmen García-Mahía
Raimundo Mateos
Raimundo Mateos
author_facet Javier Vicente-Alba
Javier Vicente-Alba
Jesús Gutiérrez-Botella
Carmen García-Mahía
Carmen García-Mahía
Raimundo Mateos
Raimundo Mateos
author_sort Javier Vicente-Alba
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionCognitive impairment and dementia are part of a continuum that progressively leads to functional impairment and dependency. Dementia is a paradigmatic example of chronic and complex psychogeriatric diseases, requiring a comprehensive assessment. The authors underline the importance of implementing a formal assessment of needs (whether met or unmet) as an essential element of comprehensive assessment. The aim of this paper is to empirically validate this model of approach towards dementia, the needs assessment, demonstrating the relationship between needs and functionality/dependency in people with cognitive impairment/dementia in the community.Material and methodsCommunity-based, cross-sectional, descriptive epidemiological study based on the reanalysis of data from a two-phase community epidemiological study conducted in Santiago de Compostela, Spain, of 800 people over 65 years of age. The present study reanalyzes a subsample of 368 people, including those with dementia/cognitive impairment. The comprehensive assessment of the sample included sociodemographic variables, the presence of chronic diseases, health self-perception, assessment of affective, cognitive and functional state, as well as the needs assessment. The main instruments used were the MMSE, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), the Barthel and Katz Indices, the Lawton Scale, and, for the needs assessment, the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE). For the clinical diagnosis of dementia, the ICD-10 criteria were followed. Statistical analysis: A study of the association between variables was carried out through hypothesis testing and a multivariate study was performed using regression models to analyze the relationship between the different variables defining disability/dependency, other health conditions and sociodemographic variables and the MMSE score as an expression of the cognitive impairment/dementia continuum.ResultsPeople with cognitive impairment/dementia had a higher number of needs compared to the healthy population. The severity of cognitive impairment is a significant predictor of dependency in Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) and is also a predictor of a greater number of needs (both met and unmet).DiscussionThe present study provides empirical evidence of the importance of implementing scales to assess the needs of people with cognitive impairment, as part of the process of comprehensive biopsychosocial assessment and person-centered care for dementia.
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spelling doaj-art-c87cd6245cf64085b07b8f8a714e658a2025-08-20T02:34:49ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402024-12-011510.3389/fpsyt.2024.14818981481898Needs assessment of people living with cognitive impairment/dementia, a requirement of comprehensive psychogeriatric assessment and person-centered care. Empirical validation of the model in a community studyJavier Vicente-Alba0Javier Vicente-Alba1Jesús Gutiérrez-Botella2Carmen García-Mahía3Carmen García-Mahía4Raimundo Mateos5Raimundo Mateos6Psychiatry Service, Vigo’s Health Area, Vigo, Pontevedra, SpainPsychiatry Department, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, SpainBiostatech Advice Training and Innovation in Biostatistics Limited Society (SL) (USC), Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, SpainPsychiatry Department, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, SpainPsychiatry Service, Coruña’s Health Area, A Coruña, SpainPsychiatry Department, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, SpainPsychogeriatric Unit, Psychiatry Service, University Complex Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS) University Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, SpainIntroductionCognitive impairment and dementia are part of a continuum that progressively leads to functional impairment and dependency. Dementia is a paradigmatic example of chronic and complex psychogeriatric diseases, requiring a comprehensive assessment. The authors underline the importance of implementing a formal assessment of needs (whether met or unmet) as an essential element of comprehensive assessment. The aim of this paper is to empirically validate this model of approach towards dementia, the needs assessment, demonstrating the relationship between needs and functionality/dependency in people with cognitive impairment/dementia in the community.Material and methodsCommunity-based, cross-sectional, descriptive epidemiological study based on the reanalysis of data from a two-phase community epidemiological study conducted in Santiago de Compostela, Spain, of 800 people over 65 years of age. The present study reanalyzes a subsample of 368 people, including those with dementia/cognitive impairment. The comprehensive assessment of the sample included sociodemographic variables, the presence of chronic diseases, health self-perception, assessment of affective, cognitive and functional state, as well as the needs assessment. The main instruments used were the MMSE, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), the Barthel and Katz Indices, the Lawton Scale, and, for the needs assessment, the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE). For the clinical diagnosis of dementia, the ICD-10 criteria were followed. Statistical analysis: A study of the association between variables was carried out through hypothesis testing and a multivariate study was performed using regression models to analyze the relationship between the different variables defining disability/dependency, other health conditions and sociodemographic variables and the MMSE score as an expression of the cognitive impairment/dementia continuum.ResultsPeople with cognitive impairment/dementia had a higher number of needs compared to the healthy population. The severity of cognitive impairment is a significant predictor of dependency in Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) and is also a predictor of a greater number of needs (both met and unmet).DiscussionThe present study provides empirical evidence of the importance of implementing scales to assess the needs of people with cognitive impairment, as part of the process of comprehensive biopsychosocial assessment and person-centered care for dementia.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1481898/fulldementiacognitive impairmentdisabilitydependencyneeds assessmentcomprehensive geriatric assessment
spellingShingle Javier Vicente-Alba
Javier Vicente-Alba
Jesús Gutiérrez-Botella
Carmen García-Mahía
Carmen García-Mahía
Raimundo Mateos
Raimundo Mateos
Needs assessment of people living with cognitive impairment/dementia, a requirement of comprehensive psychogeriatric assessment and person-centered care. Empirical validation of the model in a community study
Frontiers in Psychiatry
dementia
cognitive impairment
disability
dependency
needs assessment
comprehensive geriatric assessment
title Needs assessment of people living with cognitive impairment/dementia, a requirement of comprehensive psychogeriatric assessment and person-centered care. Empirical validation of the model in a community study
title_full Needs assessment of people living with cognitive impairment/dementia, a requirement of comprehensive psychogeriatric assessment and person-centered care. Empirical validation of the model in a community study
title_fullStr Needs assessment of people living with cognitive impairment/dementia, a requirement of comprehensive psychogeriatric assessment and person-centered care. Empirical validation of the model in a community study
title_full_unstemmed Needs assessment of people living with cognitive impairment/dementia, a requirement of comprehensive psychogeriatric assessment and person-centered care. Empirical validation of the model in a community study
title_short Needs assessment of people living with cognitive impairment/dementia, a requirement of comprehensive psychogeriatric assessment and person-centered care. Empirical validation of the model in a community study
title_sort needs assessment of people living with cognitive impairment dementia a requirement of comprehensive psychogeriatric assessment and person centered care empirical validation of the model in a community study
topic dementia
cognitive impairment
disability
dependency
needs assessment
comprehensive geriatric assessment
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1481898/full
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