Easy one-pot synthesis of Zinc Ferrite@Graphitic Carbon Nitride for combined adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of enrofloxacin under visible light
This study explores the development and application of an eco-friendly nanocomposite, OP-ZF@CN, for the degradation of enrofloxacin (ENR) in water. Antibiotics like ENR are persistent environmental pollutants, and conventional wastewater treatments are insufficient for their removal. Photocatalysis...
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Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Advances in Environmental Technology |
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| Online Access: | https://aet.irost.ir/article_1528_e6c2adb69829b85437aad479e9602ade.pdf |
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| author | Muchammad Tamyiz Medya Fitri Zahrotul Azizah Nabila Asmarani Inayah Rahma |
| author_facet | Muchammad Tamyiz Medya Fitri Zahrotul Azizah Nabila Asmarani Inayah Rahma |
| author_sort | Muchammad Tamyiz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study explores the development and application of an eco-friendly nanocomposite, OP-ZF@CN, for the degradation of enrofloxacin (ENR) in water. Antibiotics like ENR are persistent environmental pollutants, and conventional wastewater treatments are insufficient for their removal. Photocatalysis has emerged as a promising solution, offering a cost-effective, non-toxic, and efficient method for degrading contaminants. In this work, a heterojunction was formed between graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, 2DCN) and zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4, ZF), synthesized through a one-pot hydrothermal method. The resulting OP-ZF@CN nanocomposite combines the advantages of both components, improving photocatalytic performance by reducing the bandgap of 2DCN from 2.83 eV to 2.60 eV. Characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the successful formation of the heterojunction, with ZF nanoparticles evenly distributed on the CN surface. The photocatalytic degradation of ENR was assessed under visible light, showing that OP-ZF@CN achieved a 99% degradation rate, significantly outperforming pure 2DCN and ZF. The enhanced performance could be attributed to the synergistic interaction between adsorption and photocatalysis, with rapid adsorption reaching equilibrium within 30 minutes. The adsorption capacity of OP-ZF@CN was found to be 62.23 mg g-1, as determined by Langmuir and Sips isotherm models. Additionally, the nanocomposite exhibited high photocatalytic efficiency, removing ENR 10 times faster than 2DCN alone. The study also demonstrated that OP-ZF@CN had a maximum adsorption capacity of 11.08 mg g-1 in a 10 mg L-1 ENR solution, significantly improving adsorption compared to pure 2DCN. These results were further supported by kinetic studies, indicating that the adsorption process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. These findings suggest that OP-ZF@CN is a highly effective material for environmental applications, particularly in wastewater treatment for antibiotic removal, with a promising potential for large-scale use. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c842e20ece21488e9ec09d1582821287 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2476-6674 2476-4779 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST) |
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| series | Advances in Environmental Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-c842e20ece21488e9ec09d15828212872025-08-20T02:35:22ZengIranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)Advances in Environmental Technology2476-66742476-47792025-07-0111325426510.22104/aet.2025.7146.19661528Easy one-pot synthesis of Zinc Ferrite@Graphitic Carbon Nitride for combined adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of enrofloxacin under visible lightMuchammad Tamyiz0Medya Fitri1Zahrotul Azizah2Nabila Asmarani3Inayah Rahma4Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sidoarjo, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sidoarjo, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sidoarjo, IndonesiaDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sidoarjo, IndonesiaDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sidoarjo, IndonesiaThis study explores the development and application of an eco-friendly nanocomposite, OP-ZF@CN, for the degradation of enrofloxacin (ENR) in water. Antibiotics like ENR are persistent environmental pollutants, and conventional wastewater treatments are insufficient for their removal. Photocatalysis has emerged as a promising solution, offering a cost-effective, non-toxic, and efficient method for degrading contaminants. In this work, a heterojunction was formed between graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, 2DCN) and zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4, ZF), synthesized through a one-pot hydrothermal method. The resulting OP-ZF@CN nanocomposite combines the advantages of both components, improving photocatalytic performance by reducing the bandgap of 2DCN from 2.83 eV to 2.60 eV. Characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the successful formation of the heterojunction, with ZF nanoparticles evenly distributed on the CN surface. The photocatalytic degradation of ENR was assessed under visible light, showing that OP-ZF@CN achieved a 99% degradation rate, significantly outperforming pure 2DCN and ZF. The enhanced performance could be attributed to the synergistic interaction between adsorption and photocatalysis, with rapid adsorption reaching equilibrium within 30 minutes. The adsorption capacity of OP-ZF@CN was found to be 62.23 mg g-1, as determined by Langmuir and Sips isotherm models. Additionally, the nanocomposite exhibited high photocatalytic efficiency, removing ENR 10 times faster than 2DCN alone. The study also demonstrated that OP-ZF@CN had a maximum adsorption capacity of 11.08 mg g-1 in a 10 mg L-1 ENR solution, significantly improving adsorption compared to pure 2DCN. These results were further supported by kinetic studies, indicating that the adsorption process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. These findings suggest that OP-ZF@CN is a highly effective material for environmental applications, particularly in wastewater treatment for antibiotic removal, with a promising potential for large-scale use.https://aet.irost.ir/article_1528_e6c2adb69829b85437aad479e9602ade.pdfenrofloxacin degradationgraphitic carbon nitride (g-c3n4)nanocompositephotocatalysiszinc ferrite (znfe2o4) |
| spellingShingle | Muchammad Tamyiz Medya Fitri Zahrotul Azizah Nabila Asmarani Inayah Rahma Easy one-pot synthesis of Zinc Ferrite@Graphitic Carbon Nitride for combined adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of enrofloxacin under visible light Advances in Environmental Technology enrofloxacin degradation graphitic carbon nitride (g-c3n4) nanocomposite photocatalysis zinc ferrite (znfe2o4) |
| title | Easy one-pot synthesis of Zinc Ferrite@Graphitic Carbon Nitride for combined adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of enrofloxacin under visible light |
| title_full | Easy one-pot synthesis of Zinc Ferrite@Graphitic Carbon Nitride for combined adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of enrofloxacin under visible light |
| title_fullStr | Easy one-pot synthesis of Zinc Ferrite@Graphitic Carbon Nitride for combined adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of enrofloxacin under visible light |
| title_full_unstemmed | Easy one-pot synthesis of Zinc Ferrite@Graphitic Carbon Nitride for combined adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of enrofloxacin under visible light |
| title_short | Easy one-pot synthesis of Zinc Ferrite@Graphitic Carbon Nitride for combined adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of enrofloxacin under visible light |
| title_sort | easy one pot synthesis of zinc ferrite graphitic carbon nitride for combined adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of enrofloxacin under visible light |
| topic | enrofloxacin degradation graphitic carbon nitride (g-c3n4) nanocomposite photocatalysis zinc ferrite (znfe2o4) |
| url | https://aet.irost.ir/article_1528_e6c2adb69829b85437aad479e9602ade.pdf |
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