Hybrid machine learning and physics-based model for estimating lettuce (Lactuca sativa) growth and resource consumption in aeroponic systems

Abstract As the global population is expected to reach 10.3 billion by the mid-2080s, optimizing agricultural production and resource management is crucial. Climate change and environmental degradation further complicate these challenges, impacting crop productivity and food security. Traditional fa...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Benedetta Fasciolo, Nicolò Grasso, Giulia Bruno, Paolo Chiabert
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02763-9
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849334806943367168
author Benedetta Fasciolo
Nicolò Grasso
Giulia Bruno
Paolo Chiabert
author_facet Benedetta Fasciolo
Nicolò Grasso
Giulia Bruno
Paolo Chiabert
author_sort Benedetta Fasciolo
collection DOAJ
description Abstract As the global population is expected to reach 10.3 billion by the mid-2080s, optimizing agricultural production and resource management is crucial. Climate change and environmental degradation further complicate these challenges, impacting crop productivity and food security. Traditional farming methods struggle with efficiently managing nutrients and water while ensuring high-quality products, leading to resource wastage and food safety concerns. This study aims to develop a hybrid model combining machine learning and physics-based techniques to predict fresh weight, leaf area, nitrate levels, and water consumption in lettuce grown in aeroponic systems, thereby enhancing resource management and product quality. We integrated a physics-based model with machine learning algorithms to create a dynamic hybrid framework. The model was validated with real-time data from aeroponic systems, showing good predictive performance, particularly for fresh weight and total leaf area. In contrast, predictions of nitrate content and water consumption were less accurate, due in part to smaller training datasets and limitations of the physics-based component under soilless conditions. Despite these challenges, the hybrid model offers a promising solution for optimizing controlled environment agriculture, addressing critical challenges in modern agriculture by improving efficiency and sustainability.
format Article
id doaj-art-c8022c01d0ae4692b29aa55199aac69a
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-c8022c01d0ae4692b29aa55199aac69a2025-08-20T03:45:28ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111610.1038/s41598-025-02763-9Hybrid machine learning and physics-based model for estimating lettuce (Lactuca sativa) growth and resource consumption in aeroponic systemsBenedetta Fasciolo0Nicolò Grasso1Giulia Bruno2Paolo Chiabert3Politecnico di TorinoPolitecnico di TorinoPolitecnico di TorinoPolitecnico di TorinoAbstract As the global population is expected to reach 10.3 billion by the mid-2080s, optimizing agricultural production and resource management is crucial. Climate change and environmental degradation further complicate these challenges, impacting crop productivity and food security. Traditional farming methods struggle with efficiently managing nutrients and water while ensuring high-quality products, leading to resource wastage and food safety concerns. This study aims to develop a hybrid model combining machine learning and physics-based techniques to predict fresh weight, leaf area, nitrate levels, and water consumption in lettuce grown in aeroponic systems, thereby enhancing resource management and product quality. We integrated a physics-based model with machine learning algorithms to create a dynamic hybrid framework. The model was validated with real-time data from aeroponic systems, showing good predictive performance, particularly for fresh weight and total leaf area. In contrast, predictions of nitrate content and water consumption were less accurate, due in part to smaller training datasets and limitations of the physics-based component under soilless conditions. Despite these challenges, the hybrid model offers a promising solution for optimizing controlled environment agriculture, addressing critical challenges in modern agriculture by improving efficiency and sustainability.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02763-9Hybrid modelMachine learningPhysics-based modelAeroponicIoTPredictive model
spellingShingle Benedetta Fasciolo
Nicolò Grasso
Giulia Bruno
Paolo Chiabert
Hybrid machine learning and physics-based model for estimating lettuce (Lactuca sativa) growth and resource consumption in aeroponic systems
Scientific Reports
Hybrid model
Machine learning
Physics-based model
Aeroponic
IoT
Predictive model
title Hybrid machine learning and physics-based model for estimating lettuce (Lactuca sativa) growth and resource consumption in aeroponic systems
title_full Hybrid machine learning and physics-based model for estimating lettuce (Lactuca sativa) growth and resource consumption in aeroponic systems
title_fullStr Hybrid machine learning and physics-based model for estimating lettuce (Lactuca sativa) growth and resource consumption in aeroponic systems
title_full_unstemmed Hybrid machine learning and physics-based model for estimating lettuce (Lactuca sativa) growth and resource consumption in aeroponic systems
title_short Hybrid machine learning and physics-based model for estimating lettuce (Lactuca sativa) growth and resource consumption in aeroponic systems
title_sort hybrid machine learning and physics based model for estimating lettuce lactuca sativa growth and resource consumption in aeroponic systems
topic Hybrid model
Machine learning
Physics-based model
Aeroponic
IoT
Predictive model
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02763-9
work_keys_str_mv AT benedettafasciolo hybridmachinelearningandphysicsbasedmodelforestimatinglettucelactucasativagrowthandresourceconsumptioninaeroponicsystems
AT nicolograsso hybridmachinelearningandphysicsbasedmodelforestimatinglettucelactucasativagrowthandresourceconsumptioninaeroponicsystems
AT giuliabruno hybridmachinelearningandphysicsbasedmodelforestimatinglettucelactucasativagrowthandresourceconsumptioninaeroponicsystems
AT paolochiabert hybridmachinelearningandphysicsbasedmodelforestimatinglettucelactucasativagrowthandresourceconsumptioninaeroponicsystems