KIR and HLA-C interactions promote differential dendritic cell maturation and is a major determinant of graft failure following kidney transplantation.
<h4>Background</h4>HLA-C is an important ligand for killer immunoglobulin like receptors (KIR) that regulate natural killer (NK) cell function. Based on KIR specificity HLA-C molecules are allocated into two groups, HLA-C1 or HLA-C2; HLA-C2 is more inhibiting to NK cell function than HLA...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2011-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0023631&type=printable |
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| author | Raj Hanvesakul Chandrashekhar Kubal Jason Moore Desley Neil Mark Cook Simon Ball David Briggs Paul Moss Paul Cockwell |
| author_facet | Raj Hanvesakul Chandrashekhar Kubal Jason Moore Desley Neil Mark Cook Simon Ball David Briggs Paul Moss Paul Cockwell |
| author_sort | Raj Hanvesakul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>HLA-C is an important ligand for killer immunoglobulin like receptors (KIR) that regulate natural killer (NK) cell function. Based on KIR specificity HLA-C molecules are allocated into two groups, HLA-C1 or HLA-C2; HLA-C2 is more inhibiting to NK cell function than HLA-C1. We studied the clinical importance of HLA-C genotypes on the long-term graft survival of 760 kidney transplants performed at our centre utilising a population based genetic study and cell culture model to define putative mechanisms.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>Genotyping was performed using conventional DNA PCR techniques and correlations made to clinical outcomes. We found that transplant recipients with HLA-C2 had significantly better long-term graft survival than transplant recipients with HLA-C1 (66% versus 44% at 10 years, log-rank p = 0.002, HR = 1.51, 95%CI = 1.16-1.97). In in-vitro NK and dendritic cell (DC) co-culture model we made several key observations that correlated with the population based genetic study. We observed that donor derived NK cells, on activation with IL-15, promoted differential HLA-C genotype dependent DC maturation. In NK-DC co-culture, the possession of HLA-C2 by DC was associated with anti-inflammatory cytokine production (IL-1RA/IL-6), diminished DC maturation (CD86, HLA-DR), and absent CCR7 expression. Conversely, possession of HLA-C1 by DC was associated with pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis (TNF-α, IL-12p40/p70), enhanced DC maturation and up-regulation of CCR7 expression. By immunohistochemistry the presence of donor NK cells was confirmed in pre-transplant kidneys.<h4>Conclusions</h4>We propose that after kidney transplantation IL-15 activated donor derived NK cells interact with recipient DC with less activation of indirect allo-reactivity in HLA-C2 positive recipients than HLA-C1 positive recipients; this has implications for long-term graft survival. Early events following kidney transplantation involving NK-DC interaction via KIR and HLA-C immune synapse may have a central role in long-term kidney transplant outcomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c7f65cb0a1f841c99e1f79136a81532a |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| spelling | doaj-art-c7f65cb0a1f841c99e1f79136a81532a2025-08-20T03:09:48ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032011-01-0168e2363110.1371/journal.pone.0023631KIR and HLA-C interactions promote differential dendritic cell maturation and is a major determinant of graft failure following kidney transplantation.Raj HanvesakulChandrashekhar KubalJason MooreDesley NeilMark CookSimon BallDavid BriggsPaul MossPaul Cockwell<h4>Background</h4>HLA-C is an important ligand for killer immunoglobulin like receptors (KIR) that regulate natural killer (NK) cell function. Based on KIR specificity HLA-C molecules are allocated into two groups, HLA-C1 or HLA-C2; HLA-C2 is more inhibiting to NK cell function than HLA-C1. We studied the clinical importance of HLA-C genotypes on the long-term graft survival of 760 kidney transplants performed at our centre utilising a population based genetic study and cell culture model to define putative mechanisms.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>Genotyping was performed using conventional DNA PCR techniques and correlations made to clinical outcomes. We found that transplant recipients with HLA-C2 had significantly better long-term graft survival than transplant recipients with HLA-C1 (66% versus 44% at 10 years, log-rank p = 0.002, HR = 1.51, 95%CI = 1.16-1.97). In in-vitro NK and dendritic cell (DC) co-culture model we made several key observations that correlated with the population based genetic study. We observed that donor derived NK cells, on activation with IL-15, promoted differential HLA-C genotype dependent DC maturation. In NK-DC co-culture, the possession of HLA-C2 by DC was associated with anti-inflammatory cytokine production (IL-1RA/IL-6), diminished DC maturation (CD86, HLA-DR), and absent CCR7 expression. Conversely, possession of HLA-C1 by DC was associated with pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis (TNF-α, IL-12p40/p70), enhanced DC maturation and up-regulation of CCR7 expression. By immunohistochemistry the presence of donor NK cells was confirmed in pre-transplant kidneys.<h4>Conclusions</h4>We propose that after kidney transplantation IL-15 activated donor derived NK cells interact with recipient DC with less activation of indirect allo-reactivity in HLA-C2 positive recipients than HLA-C1 positive recipients; this has implications for long-term graft survival. Early events following kidney transplantation involving NK-DC interaction via KIR and HLA-C immune synapse may have a central role in long-term kidney transplant outcomes.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0023631&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Raj Hanvesakul Chandrashekhar Kubal Jason Moore Desley Neil Mark Cook Simon Ball David Briggs Paul Moss Paul Cockwell KIR and HLA-C interactions promote differential dendritic cell maturation and is a major determinant of graft failure following kidney transplantation. PLoS ONE |
| title | KIR and HLA-C interactions promote differential dendritic cell maturation and is a major determinant of graft failure following kidney transplantation. |
| title_full | KIR and HLA-C interactions promote differential dendritic cell maturation and is a major determinant of graft failure following kidney transplantation. |
| title_fullStr | KIR and HLA-C interactions promote differential dendritic cell maturation and is a major determinant of graft failure following kidney transplantation. |
| title_full_unstemmed | KIR and HLA-C interactions promote differential dendritic cell maturation and is a major determinant of graft failure following kidney transplantation. |
| title_short | KIR and HLA-C interactions promote differential dendritic cell maturation and is a major determinant of graft failure following kidney transplantation. |
| title_sort | kir and hla c interactions promote differential dendritic cell maturation and is a major determinant of graft failure following kidney transplantation |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0023631&type=printable |
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