Forage maize type influences on methane emissions, nutrient degradation, and fermentation profiles in ruminants
Abstract The selection of forage maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars significantly impacts ruminant nutrition and environmental sustainability. This study evaluated four maize types (TWC647, SC704, D5, and a SC704 + D5 mixture) for their effects on methane emissions, nutrient degradability, and rumen ferm...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03936-2 |
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| author | Farhad Parnian-khajehdizaj Sajjad Moharramnejad |
| author_facet | Farhad Parnian-khajehdizaj Sajjad Moharramnejad |
| author_sort | Farhad Parnian-khajehdizaj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The selection of forage maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars significantly impacts ruminant nutrition and environmental sustainability. This study evaluated four maize types (TWC647, SC704, D5, and a SC704 + D5 mixture) for their effects on methane emissions, nutrient degradability, and rumen fermentation using in vitro techniques. SC704 exhibited the highest gas production (236.8 ml/g DM), metabolizable energy (5.17 MJ/kg DM), and net energy for lactation (2.64 MJ/kg DM). TWC647 showed the highest degradability of dry matter, crude protein, and NDF. The SC704 + D5 mixture enhanced volatile fatty acid production but also resulted in the highest methane emissions (71.5 l/kg FOM). These findings emphasize the importance of cultivar selection in optimizing fermentation efficiency and reducing environmental impact. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c7f056e5c72b4f289ea804fd17bae13d |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-c7f056e5c72b4f289ea804fd17bae13d2025-08-20T02:30:46ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-06-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-03936-2Forage maize type influences on methane emissions, nutrient degradation, and fermentation profiles in ruminantsFarhad Parnian-khajehdizaj0Sajjad Moharramnejad1Animal Science Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEOCrop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEOAbstract The selection of forage maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars significantly impacts ruminant nutrition and environmental sustainability. This study evaluated four maize types (TWC647, SC704, D5, and a SC704 + D5 mixture) for their effects on methane emissions, nutrient degradability, and rumen fermentation using in vitro techniques. SC704 exhibited the highest gas production (236.8 ml/g DM), metabolizable energy (5.17 MJ/kg DM), and net energy for lactation (2.64 MJ/kg DM). TWC647 showed the highest degradability of dry matter, crude protein, and NDF. The SC704 + D5 mixture enhanced volatile fatty acid production but also resulted in the highest methane emissions (71.5 l/kg FOM). These findings emphasize the importance of cultivar selection in optimizing fermentation efficiency and reducing environmental impact.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03936-2Forage maize typeNutrient degradabilityMethane emissionsIn vitro gas productionRumen fermentation |
| spellingShingle | Farhad Parnian-khajehdizaj Sajjad Moharramnejad Forage maize type influences on methane emissions, nutrient degradation, and fermentation profiles in ruminants Scientific Reports Forage maize type Nutrient degradability Methane emissions In vitro gas production Rumen fermentation |
| title | Forage maize type influences on methane emissions, nutrient degradation, and fermentation profiles in ruminants |
| title_full | Forage maize type influences on methane emissions, nutrient degradation, and fermentation profiles in ruminants |
| title_fullStr | Forage maize type influences on methane emissions, nutrient degradation, and fermentation profiles in ruminants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Forage maize type influences on methane emissions, nutrient degradation, and fermentation profiles in ruminants |
| title_short | Forage maize type influences on methane emissions, nutrient degradation, and fermentation profiles in ruminants |
| title_sort | forage maize type influences on methane emissions nutrient degradation and fermentation profiles in ruminants |
| topic | Forage maize type Nutrient degradability Methane emissions In vitro gas production Rumen fermentation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03936-2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT farhadparniankhajehdizaj foragemaizetypeinfluencesonmethaneemissionsnutrientdegradationandfermentationprofilesinruminants AT sajjadmoharramnejad foragemaizetypeinfluencesonmethaneemissionsnutrientdegradationandfermentationprofilesinruminants |