Efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicine for urinary tract infections: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
IntroductionChinese patent medicines (CPMs) have garnered increasing attention as therapeutic options for urinary tract infections (UTIs); however, robust evidence supporting their efficacy remains limited. To address this gap, we performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) incorporating both direct and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1622999/full |
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| author | Jialei Zhao Haibin Tang Rutong Xu Gang Chen |
| author_facet | Jialei Zhao Haibin Tang Rutong Xu Gang Chen |
| author_sort | Jialei Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionChinese patent medicines (CPMs) have garnered increasing attention as therapeutic options for urinary tract infections (UTIs); however, robust evidence supporting their efficacy remains limited. To address this gap, we performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) incorporating both direct and indirect comparisons to systematically evaluate and rank the efficacy and safety profiles of CPMs for UTIs.MethodsWe systematically searched five electronic databases from their inception through April 2025. Data were analyzed using a frequentist approach with random-effects models.ResultsTwenty-three studies with nine types of medicines and 3,250 patients were included in this study. While network meta-analysis suggested that Xueniaoan capsule with antibiotics (XNA_Ab) had the highest probability of being optimal, this conclusion requires cautious interpretation because of the low certainty of evidence from the included studies.ConclusionSeveral CPMs demonstrate potential therapeutic benefits for UTIs; however, these preliminary findings require validation through rigorously designed large-scale randomized controlled trials. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c74c99cc8f824dd39a072c06cc4046fd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-c74c99cc8f824dd39a072c06cc4046fd2025-08-21T05:27:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2025-08-011210.3389/fmed.2025.16229991622999Efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicine for urinary tract infections: a systematic review and network meta-analysisJialei ZhaoHaibin TangRutong XuGang ChenIntroductionChinese patent medicines (CPMs) have garnered increasing attention as therapeutic options for urinary tract infections (UTIs); however, robust evidence supporting their efficacy remains limited. To address this gap, we performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) incorporating both direct and indirect comparisons to systematically evaluate and rank the efficacy and safety profiles of CPMs for UTIs.MethodsWe systematically searched five electronic databases from their inception through April 2025. Data were analyzed using a frequentist approach with random-effects models.ResultsTwenty-three studies with nine types of medicines and 3,250 patients were included in this study. While network meta-analysis suggested that Xueniaoan capsule with antibiotics (XNA_Ab) had the highest probability of being optimal, this conclusion requires cautious interpretation because of the low certainty of evidence from the included studies.ConclusionSeveral CPMs demonstrate potential therapeutic benefits for UTIs; however, these preliminary findings require validation through rigorously designed large-scale randomized controlled trials.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1622999/fullnetwork meta-analysisrandomized controlled trialsurinary tract infectionsChinese medicinesystematic review |
| spellingShingle | Jialei Zhao Haibin Tang Rutong Xu Gang Chen Efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicine for urinary tract infections: a systematic review and network meta-analysis Frontiers in Medicine network meta-analysis randomized controlled trials urinary tract infections Chinese medicine systematic review |
| title | Efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicine for urinary tract infections: a systematic review and network meta-analysis |
| title_full | Efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicine for urinary tract infections: a systematic review and network meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicine for urinary tract infections: a systematic review and network meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicine for urinary tract infections: a systematic review and network meta-analysis |
| title_short | Efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicine for urinary tract infections: a systematic review and network meta-analysis |
| title_sort | efficacy and safety of chinese patent medicine for urinary tract infections a systematic review and network meta analysis |
| topic | network meta-analysis randomized controlled trials urinary tract infections Chinese medicine systematic review |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1622999/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jialeizhao efficacyandsafetyofchinesepatentmedicineforurinarytractinfectionsasystematicreviewandnetworkmetaanalysis AT haibintang efficacyandsafetyofchinesepatentmedicineforurinarytractinfectionsasystematicreviewandnetworkmetaanalysis AT rutongxu efficacyandsafetyofchinesepatentmedicineforurinarytractinfectionsasystematicreviewandnetworkmetaanalysis AT gangchen efficacyandsafetyofchinesepatentmedicineforurinarytractinfectionsasystematicreviewandnetworkmetaanalysis |