Energy-Efficient CO<sub>2</sub> Conversion for Carbon Utilization Using a Gliding Arc/Glow Discharge with Magnetic Field Acceleration—Optimization and Characterization

The dry conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> into CO and O<sub>2</sub> provides an attractive path for CO<sub>2</sub> utilization which allows for the use of the CO produced for the synthesis of valuable hydrocarbons. In the following work, the CO<sub>2</sub>...

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Main Authors: Svetlana Lazarova, Snejana Iordanova, Stanimir Kolev, Veselin Vasilev, Tsvetelina Paunska
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Energies
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/14/3816
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author Svetlana Lazarova
Snejana Iordanova
Stanimir Kolev
Veselin Vasilev
Tsvetelina Paunska
author_facet Svetlana Lazarova
Snejana Iordanova
Stanimir Kolev
Veselin Vasilev
Tsvetelina Paunska
author_sort Svetlana Lazarova
collection DOAJ
description The dry conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> into CO and O<sub>2</sub> provides an attractive path for CO<sub>2</sub> utilization which allows for the use of the CO produced for the synthesis of valuable hydrocarbons. In the following work, the CO<sub>2</sub> conversion is driven by an arc discharge at atmospheric pressure, producing hot plasma. This study presents a series of experiments aiming to optimize the process. The results obtained include the energy efficiency and the conversion rate of the process, as well as the electrical parameters of the discharge (current and voltage signals). In addition, optical emission spectroscopy diagnostics based on an analysis of C<sub>2</sub>’s Swan bands are used to determine the gas temperature in the discharge. The data is analyzed according to several aspects—an analysis of the arc’s motion based on the electrical signals; an analysis of the effect of the gas flow and the discharge current on the discharge performance for CO<sub>2</sub> conversion; and an analysis of the vibrational and rotational temperatures of the arc channel. The results show significant improvements over previous studies. Relatively high gas conversion and energy efficiency are achieved due to the arc acceleration caused by the Lorentz force. The rotational (gas) temperatures are in the order of 5500–6000 K.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 1996-1073
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spelling doaj-art-c715a55e0b6e4eef86b603fe693257512025-08-20T03:35:28ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-07-011814381610.3390/en18143816Energy-Efficient CO<sub>2</sub> Conversion for Carbon Utilization Using a Gliding Arc/Glow Discharge with Magnetic Field Acceleration—Optimization and CharacterizationSvetlana Lazarova0Snejana Iordanova1Stanimir Kolev2Veselin Vasilev3Tsvetelina Paunska4Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, BulgariaFaculty of Physics, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, BulgariaFaculty of Physics, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, BulgariaFaculty of Physics, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, BulgariaFaculty of Physics, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, BulgariaThe dry conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> into CO and O<sub>2</sub> provides an attractive path for CO<sub>2</sub> utilization which allows for the use of the CO produced for the synthesis of valuable hydrocarbons. In the following work, the CO<sub>2</sub> conversion is driven by an arc discharge at atmospheric pressure, producing hot plasma. This study presents a series of experiments aiming to optimize the process. The results obtained include the energy efficiency and the conversion rate of the process, as well as the electrical parameters of the discharge (current and voltage signals). In addition, optical emission spectroscopy diagnostics based on an analysis of C<sub>2</sub>’s Swan bands are used to determine the gas temperature in the discharge. The data is analyzed according to several aspects—an analysis of the arc’s motion based on the electrical signals; an analysis of the effect of the gas flow and the discharge current on the discharge performance for CO<sub>2</sub> conversion; and an analysis of the vibrational and rotational temperatures of the arc channel. The results show significant improvements over previous studies. Relatively high gas conversion and energy efficiency are achieved due to the arc acceleration caused by the Lorentz force. The rotational (gas) temperatures are in the order of 5500–6000 K.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/14/3816carbon utilizationcarbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) conversiongliding arc dischargemagnetically accelerated gliding discharge
spellingShingle Svetlana Lazarova
Snejana Iordanova
Stanimir Kolev
Veselin Vasilev
Tsvetelina Paunska
Energy-Efficient CO<sub>2</sub> Conversion for Carbon Utilization Using a Gliding Arc/Glow Discharge with Magnetic Field Acceleration—Optimization and Characterization
Energies
carbon utilization
carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) conversion
gliding arc discharge
magnetically accelerated gliding discharge
title Energy-Efficient CO<sub>2</sub> Conversion for Carbon Utilization Using a Gliding Arc/Glow Discharge with Magnetic Field Acceleration—Optimization and Characterization
title_full Energy-Efficient CO<sub>2</sub> Conversion for Carbon Utilization Using a Gliding Arc/Glow Discharge with Magnetic Field Acceleration—Optimization and Characterization
title_fullStr Energy-Efficient CO<sub>2</sub> Conversion for Carbon Utilization Using a Gliding Arc/Glow Discharge with Magnetic Field Acceleration—Optimization and Characterization
title_full_unstemmed Energy-Efficient CO<sub>2</sub> Conversion for Carbon Utilization Using a Gliding Arc/Glow Discharge with Magnetic Field Acceleration—Optimization and Characterization
title_short Energy-Efficient CO<sub>2</sub> Conversion for Carbon Utilization Using a Gliding Arc/Glow Discharge with Magnetic Field Acceleration—Optimization and Characterization
title_sort energy efficient co sub 2 sub conversion for carbon utilization using a gliding arc glow discharge with magnetic field acceleration optimization and characterization
topic carbon utilization
carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) conversion
gliding arc discharge
magnetically accelerated gliding discharge
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/14/3816
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