Efficacy of Carum copticum extract as a green pesticide against groundnut seed beetle, Caryedon serratus
Abstract Background Caryedon serratus (Olivier, 1790) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a major groundnut pest that infests groundnut kernels. This study aimed to extract phytochemicals from Carum copticum using a Soxhlet extractor with methanol as an organic solvent and to evaluate their efficacy agai...
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SpringerOpen
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-025-00442-9 |
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| author | Lalit Chowdhury Manoja Das Sarada Prasad Mohapatra |
| author_facet | Lalit Chowdhury Manoja Das Sarada Prasad Mohapatra |
| author_sort | Lalit Chowdhury |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Caryedon serratus (Olivier, 1790) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a major groundnut pest that infests groundnut kernels. This study aimed to extract phytochemicals from Carum copticum using a Soxhlet extractor with methanol as an organic solvent and to evaluate their efficacy against C. serratus. Results Methanolic extract and its fractions showed significant adulticidal effects after 4 days of treatment, with 87.11 ± 2.21% and 70.10 ± 2.52%, respectively. A sex ratio imbalance, extension or reduction of developmental phases, decreased fecundity, and reduced fertility. In comparison to the control, the hexane fraction produced fecundity averages of 55.33 ± 2.01 eggs, and the ethyl acetate fraction produced an average of 41 ± 0.25 eggs, corresponding to reductions in spawning rates of 52.93% and 63.25%, respectively. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) were used to identify the major bioactive chemicals in C. copticum, and there was thymol (C10H14O), 1-methylbenzene (toluene, C10H14), 7-oxabicycloheptane (C10H18O), 1-pentene4-methyl (C6H12), and octane (C8H18). C. serratus was exposed to three distinct concentrations of the plant's crude and fractions of extract of organic solvents (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol). Conclusions All concentrations caused substantial mortality in C. serratus eggs and adults. This study shows that the efficacy of C. copticum is due to the active chemicals present in the extract that can be employed as a biocontrol agent against the major pest C. serratus. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c714f6331f404deb8047306e769cc56b |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2090-990X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
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| series | Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology |
| spelling | doaj-art-c714f6331f404deb8047306e769cc56b2025-08-20T02:17:10ZengSpringerOpenJournal of Basic and Applied Zoology2090-990X2025-04-018611910.1186/s41936-025-00442-9Efficacy of Carum copticum extract as a green pesticide against groundnut seed beetle, Caryedon serratusLalit Chowdhury0Manoja Das1Sarada Prasad Mohapatra2Gandhi Institute of Engineering and Technology University (GIET University)Gandhi Institute of Engineering and Technology University (GIET University)Department of Botany, N.C. (Auto) CollegeAbstract Background Caryedon serratus (Olivier, 1790) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a major groundnut pest that infests groundnut kernels. This study aimed to extract phytochemicals from Carum copticum using a Soxhlet extractor with methanol as an organic solvent and to evaluate their efficacy against C. serratus. Results Methanolic extract and its fractions showed significant adulticidal effects after 4 days of treatment, with 87.11 ± 2.21% and 70.10 ± 2.52%, respectively. A sex ratio imbalance, extension or reduction of developmental phases, decreased fecundity, and reduced fertility. In comparison to the control, the hexane fraction produced fecundity averages of 55.33 ± 2.01 eggs, and the ethyl acetate fraction produced an average of 41 ± 0.25 eggs, corresponding to reductions in spawning rates of 52.93% and 63.25%, respectively. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) were used to identify the major bioactive chemicals in C. copticum, and there was thymol (C10H14O), 1-methylbenzene (toluene, C10H14), 7-oxabicycloheptane (C10H18O), 1-pentene4-methyl (C6H12), and octane (C8H18). C. serratus was exposed to three distinct concentrations of the plant's crude and fractions of extract of organic solvents (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol). Conclusions All concentrations caused substantial mortality in C. serratus eggs and adults. This study shows that the efficacy of C. copticum is due to the active chemicals present in the extract that can be employed as a biocontrol agent against the major pest C. serratus.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-025-00442-9Carum copticumCrude methanol and its fractionsGC–MSCaryedon serratusGroundnutPhytochemicals |
| spellingShingle | Lalit Chowdhury Manoja Das Sarada Prasad Mohapatra Efficacy of Carum copticum extract as a green pesticide against groundnut seed beetle, Caryedon serratus Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology Carum copticum Crude methanol and its fractions GC–MS Caryedon serratus Groundnut Phytochemicals |
| title | Efficacy of Carum copticum extract as a green pesticide against groundnut seed beetle, Caryedon serratus |
| title_full | Efficacy of Carum copticum extract as a green pesticide against groundnut seed beetle, Caryedon serratus |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy of Carum copticum extract as a green pesticide against groundnut seed beetle, Caryedon serratus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of Carum copticum extract as a green pesticide against groundnut seed beetle, Caryedon serratus |
| title_short | Efficacy of Carum copticum extract as a green pesticide against groundnut seed beetle, Caryedon serratus |
| title_sort | efficacy of carum copticum extract as a green pesticide against groundnut seed beetle caryedon serratus |
| topic | Carum copticum Crude methanol and its fractions GC–MS Caryedon serratus Groundnut Phytochemicals |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-025-00442-9 |
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