A systematic regulatory network related to bulbil formation in Lilium lancifolium based on metabolome and transcriptome analyses

Abstract Background Lilium lancifolium is a special wild triploid species native to China and can produce abundant bulbils on its stem under natural conditions, which is very valuable to study bulbil organogenesis in plants. Although similar to the lateral and tillering principles, the molecular mec...

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Main Authors: Ruiyi Ma, Yan Zhang, Jun Zhao, Yang Zheng, Li Xue, Jiajun Lei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-10-01
Series:BMC Plant Biology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-024-05654-9
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author Ruiyi Ma
Yan Zhang
Jun Zhao
Yang Zheng
Li Xue
Jiajun Lei
author_facet Ruiyi Ma
Yan Zhang
Jun Zhao
Yang Zheng
Li Xue
Jiajun Lei
author_sort Ruiyi Ma
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Lilium lancifolium is a special wild triploid species native to China and can produce abundant bulbils on its stem under natural conditions, which is very valuable to study bulbil organogenesis in plants. Although similar to the lateral and tillering principles, the molecular mechanism underlying bulbil formation has remained incompletely understood. Results The metabolome and transcriptome of L. lancifolium bulbils across four development stages were analyzed. The pairwise comparison of metabolomes across the four stages identified 17 differential hormones, predominantly auxin (IAA), cytokinin (CK), and jasmonic acid (JA). Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) trend analysis of differential genes revealed four significant trends across these stages. The KEGG enrichment analysis of the four clusters highlighted pathways, such as plant hormone signal transduction, which were speculated to play a crucial role in development stages. these pathways were speculated to play a crucial role in development stages. To explore the key differential expressed genes and transcription factors associated with bulbil occurrence, two periods were focused on: Ll_UN and Ll_DN, which represented the stages with and without bulbils, respectively. Through correlation analysis and qRT-PCR analysis, 11 candidate differentially expressed genes and 27 candidate transcription factors were selected. By spraying exogenous hormones to validate these candidates, LlbHLH128, LlTIFY10A, LlbHLH93, and LlMYB108, were identified as the key genes for L. lancifolium bulbils. Conclusion A regulatory network of L. lancifolium bulbil development was predicted. LlTIFY10A and LlbHLH93 might be involved in the JA and auxin signal transduction pathways, which jointly formed a regulatory network to affect the occurrence of L. lancifolium bulbil. This study not only provided more information about the differentially expressed genes and metabolites through transcriptome and metabolomics analyses, but also provided a clearer understanding of the effect of hormones on bulbil formation in lily.
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spelling doaj-art-c707dd38f50243aebbfc70f39ae74db32025-08-20T02:17:34ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292024-10-0124111710.1186/s12870-024-05654-9A systematic regulatory network related to bulbil formation in Lilium lancifolium based on metabolome and transcriptome analysesRuiyi Ma0Yan Zhang1Jun Zhao2Yang Zheng3Li Xue4Jiajun Lei5College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background Lilium lancifolium is a special wild triploid species native to China and can produce abundant bulbils on its stem under natural conditions, which is very valuable to study bulbil organogenesis in plants. Although similar to the lateral and tillering principles, the molecular mechanism underlying bulbil formation has remained incompletely understood. Results The metabolome and transcriptome of L. lancifolium bulbils across four development stages were analyzed. The pairwise comparison of metabolomes across the four stages identified 17 differential hormones, predominantly auxin (IAA), cytokinin (CK), and jasmonic acid (JA). Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) trend analysis of differential genes revealed four significant trends across these stages. The KEGG enrichment analysis of the four clusters highlighted pathways, such as plant hormone signal transduction, which were speculated to play a crucial role in development stages. these pathways were speculated to play a crucial role in development stages. To explore the key differential expressed genes and transcription factors associated with bulbil occurrence, two periods were focused on: Ll_UN and Ll_DN, which represented the stages with and without bulbils, respectively. Through correlation analysis and qRT-PCR analysis, 11 candidate differentially expressed genes and 27 candidate transcription factors were selected. By spraying exogenous hormones to validate these candidates, LlbHLH128, LlTIFY10A, LlbHLH93, and LlMYB108, were identified as the key genes for L. lancifolium bulbils. Conclusion A regulatory network of L. lancifolium bulbil development was predicted. LlTIFY10A and LlbHLH93 might be involved in the JA and auxin signal transduction pathways, which jointly formed a regulatory network to affect the occurrence of L. lancifolium bulbil. This study not only provided more information about the differentially expressed genes and metabolites through transcriptome and metabolomics analyses, but also provided a clearer understanding of the effect of hormones on bulbil formation in lily.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-024-05654-9Lilium lancifoliumBulbil formationTranscriptomeHormoneTranscription factors
spellingShingle Ruiyi Ma
Yan Zhang
Jun Zhao
Yang Zheng
Li Xue
Jiajun Lei
A systematic regulatory network related to bulbil formation in Lilium lancifolium based on metabolome and transcriptome analyses
BMC Plant Biology
Lilium lancifolium
Bulbil formation
Transcriptome
Hormone
Transcription factors
title A systematic regulatory network related to bulbil formation in Lilium lancifolium based on metabolome and transcriptome analyses
title_full A systematic regulatory network related to bulbil formation in Lilium lancifolium based on metabolome and transcriptome analyses
title_fullStr A systematic regulatory network related to bulbil formation in Lilium lancifolium based on metabolome and transcriptome analyses
title_full_unstemmed A systematic regulatory network related to bulbil formation in Lilium lancifolium based on metabolome and transcriptome analyses
title_short A systematic regulatory network related to bulbil formation in Lilium lancifolium based on metabolome and transcriptome analyses
title_sort systematic regulatory network related to bulbil formation in lilium lancifolium based on metabolome and transcriptome analyses
topic Lilium lancifolium
Bulbil formation
Transcriptome
Hormone
Transcription factors
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-024-05654-9
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