On the solution of intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation using direct computational method

Abstract Fuzzy integral equations play an important role in addressing uncertain mathematical problems. There are various techniques present in the literature to solve fuzzy linear integral equations. Different methodologies provide numerical solutions for fuzzy nonlinear integral equations. However...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zain Khan, Saleem Abdullah, Ariana Abdul Rahimzai, Saifullah Khan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-05-01
Series:Journal of Big Data
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-025-01168-9
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849705198795096064
author Zain Khan
Saleem Abdullah
Ariana Abdul Rahimzai
Saifullah Khan
author_facet Zain Khan
Saleem Abdullah
Ariana Abdul Rahimzai
Saifullah Khan
author_sort Zain Khan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Fuzzy integral equations play an important role in addressing uncertain mathematical problems. There are various techniques present in the literature to solve fuzzy linear integral equations. Different methodologies provide numerical solutions for fuzzy nonlinear integral equations. However, there are few recognized methods for finding an exact solution. The fuzzy set has limitations because it lacks a non-membership degree for investigating uncertainty. To address this limitation, we use an intuitionistic fuzzy set that considers both membership and non-membership degrees together. Using the parametric forms of an intuitionistic fuzzy number, the nonlinear Fredholm integral equation is decomposed into a set of four equations. This set of four equations is then named the intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation. For an exact solution to the intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation, we use the Direct Computational Method. We solve two different examples in detail to demonstrate the reliability, effectiveness, and applicability of the proposed methodology. Graphs made using MATLAB represent visual judgments on how uncertainty impacts solutions. The results obtained for both examples are carefully examined and discussed in detail. The proposed method is compared to different decomposition and deep learning methods to ensure its accuracy. It is concluded that the proposed method is valid and reliable to get an exact solution for an intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation.
format Article
id doaj-art-c6cac498df724be983b85b77be36dcde
institution DOAJ
issn 2196-1115
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher SpringerOpen
record_format Article
series Journal of Big Data
spelling doaj-art-c6cac498df724be983b85b77be36dcde2025-08-20T03:16:32ZengSpringerOpenJournal of Big Data2196-11152025-05-0112112310.1186/s40537-025-01168-9On the solution of intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation using direct computational methodZain Khan0Saleem Abdullah1Ariana Abdul Rahimzai2Saifullah Khan3Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan UniversityDepartment of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan UniversityDepartment of Mathematics, Education Faculty, Laghman UniversityDepartment of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan UniversityAbstract Fuzzy integral equations play an important role in addressing uncertain mathematical problems. There are various techniques present in the literature to solve fuzzy linear integral equations. Different methodologies provide numerical solutions for fuzzy nonlinear integral equations. However, there are few recognized methods for finding an exact solution. The fuzzy set has limitations because it lacks a non-membership degree for investigating uncertainty. To address this limitation, we use an intuitionistic fuzzy set that considers both membership and non-membership degrees together. Using the parametric forms of an intuitionistic fuzzy number, the nonlinear Fredholm integral equation is decomposed into a set of four equations. This set of four equations is then named the intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation. For an exact solution to the intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation, we use the Direct Computational Method. We solve two different examples in detail to demonstrate the reliability, effectiveness, and applicability of the proposed methodology. Graphs made using MATLAB represent visual judgments on how uncertainty impacts solutions. The results obtained for both examples are carefully examined and discussed in detail. The proposed method is compared to different decomposition and deep learning methods to ensure its accuracy. It is concluded that the proposed method is valid and reliable to get an exact solution for an intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-025-01168-9Intuitionistic fuzzy setNonlinear Fredholm integral equationParametric form of an intuitionistic fuzzy numberDirect computational method
spellingShingle Zain Khan
Saleem Abdullah
Ariana Abdul Rahimzai
Saifullah Khan
On the solution of intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation using direct computational method
Journal of Big Data
Intuitionistic fuzzy set
Nonlinear Fredholm integral equation
Parametric form of an intuitionistic fuzzy number
Direct computational method
title On the solution of intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation using direct computational method
title_full On the solution of intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation using direct computational method
title_fullStr On the solution of intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation using direct computational method
title_full_unstemmed On the solution of intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation using direct computational method
title_short On the solution of intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear Fredholm integral equation using direct computational method
title_sort on the solution of intuitionistic fuzzy nonlinear fredholm integral equation using direct computational method
topic Intuitionistic fuzzy set
Nonlinear Fredholm integral equation
Parametric form of an intuitionistic fuzzy number
Direct computational method
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-025-01168-9
work_keys_str_mv AT zainkhan onthesolutionofintuitionisticfuzzynonlinearfredholmintegralequationusingdirectcomputationalmethod
AT saleemabdullah onthesolutionofintuitionisticfuzzynonlinearfredholmintegralequationusingdirectcomputationalmethod
AT arianaabdulrahimzai onthesolutionofintuitionisticfuzzynonlinearfredholmintegralequationusingdirectcomputationalmethod
AT saifullahkhan onthesolutionofintuitionisticfuzzynonlinearfredholmintegralequationusingdirectcomputationalmethod