Link Bandwidth and Transmission Capability of Single-Mode Multi-Aperture Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers at 100 G/Lane and 200 G/Lane over Multimode Fibers

Single-mode (SM) vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have often been demonstrated with an unusually long transmission reach at very high data rates while today’s multimode VCSEL transmission has been limited by the fiber modal bandwidth and bandwidth contributed by the VCSEL–chromatic d...

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Main Authors: Xin Chen, Nikolay Ledentsov, Jason E. Hurley, Oleg Yu. Makarov, Ming-Jun Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Photonics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/2/147
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author Xin Chen
Nikolay Ledentsov
Jason E. Hurley
Oleg Yu. Makarov
Ming-Jun Li
Nikolay Ledentsov
author_facet Xin Chen
Nikolay Ledentsov
Jason E. Hurley
Oleg Yu. Makarov
Ming-Jun Li
Nikolay Ledentsov
author_sort Xin Chen
collection DOAJ
description Single-mode (SM) vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have often been demonstrated with an unusually long transmission reach at very high data rates while today’s multimode VCSEL transmission has been limited by the fiber modal bandwidth and bandwidth contributed by the VCSEL–chromatic dispersion interaction under typical encircled flux launch condition. By using the same launch condition for VCSEL and modal bandwidth measurements, we studied the link bandwidth capability of SM multi-aperture (MA) VCSEL transmission. Using a multimode fiber with modal bandwidth under actual launch conditions moderately lower than OM4 threshold, we observed that the link bandwidth, with contributions from both modal bandwidth and laser–chromatic dispersion interaction, is higher than the corresponding modal bandwidths, which is very counter-intuitive. A detailed analysis reveals that the enhanced link bandwidth is contributed by both narrow laser linewidth and favorable laser–chromatic dispersion interaction. Through the study, we demonstrate that OM4 can meet link bandwidth requirements for 200/100 G/lane transmission over 100/200 m using SM MA VCSELs.
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language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Photonics
spelling doaj-art-c6acc22dc21b4d7db7b7d5e1b1322c612025-08-20T03:12:09ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322025-02-0112214710.3390/photonics12020147Link Bandwidth and Transmission Capability of Single-Mode Multi-Aperture Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers at 100 G/Lane and 200 G/Lane over Multimode FibersXin Chen0Nikolay Ledentsov1Jason E. Hurley2Oleg Yu. Makarov3Ming-Jun Li4Nikolay Ledentsov5Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, USAVI Systems GmbH, Hardenbergstr. 7, 10623 Berlin, GermanyCorning Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, USAVI Systems GmbH, Hardenbergstr. 7, 10623 Berlin, GermanyCorning Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, USAVI Systems GmbH, Hardenbergstr. 7, 10623 Berlin, GermanySingle-mode (SM) vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have often been demonstrated with an unusually long transmission reach at very high data rates while today’s multimode VCSEL transmission has been limited by the fiber modal bandwidth and bandwidth contributed by the VCSEL–chromatic dispersion interaction under typical encircled flux launch condition. By using the same launch condition for VCSEL and modal bandwidth measurements, we studied the link bandwidth capability of SM multi-aperture (MA) VCSEL transmission. Using a multimode fiber with modal bandwidth under actual launch conditions moderately lower than OM4 threshold, we observed that the link bandwidth, with contributions from both modal bandwidth and laser–chromatic dispersion interaction, is higher than the corresponding modal bandwidths, which is very counter-intuitive. A detailed analysis reveals that the enhanced link bandwidth is contributed by both narrow laser linewidth and favorable laser–chromatic dispersion interaction. Through the study, we demonstrate that OM4 can meet link bandwidth requirements for 200/100 G/lane transmission over 100/200 m using SM MA VCSELs.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/2/147VCSELmultimode fibermodal bandwidthlaser–chromatic dispersion interactionlink bandwidthtransmission reach
spellingShingle Xin Chen
Nikolay Ledentsov
Jason E. Hurley
Oleg Yu. Makarov
Ming-Jun Li
Nikolay Ledentsov
Link Bandwidth and Transmission Capability of Single-Mode Multi-Aperture Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers at 100 G/Lane and 200 G/Lane over Multimode Fibers
Photonics
VCSEL
multimode fiber
modal bandwidth
laser–chromatic dispersion interaction
link bandwidth
transmission reach
title Link Bandwidth and Transmission Capability of Single-Mode Multi-Aperture Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers at 100 G/Lane and 200 G/Lane over Multimode Fibers
title_full Link Bandwidth and Transmission Capability of Single-Mode Multi-Aperture Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers at 100 G/Lane and 200 G/Lane over Multimode Fibers
title_fullStr Link Bandwidth and Transmission Capability of Single-Mode Multi-Aperture Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers at 100 G/Lane and 200 G/Lane over Multimode Fibers
title_full_unstemmed Link Bandwidth and Transmission Capability of Single-Mode Multi-Aperture Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers at 100 G/Lane and 200 G/Lane over Multimode Fibers
title_short Link Bandwidth and Transmission Capability of Single-Mode Multi-Aperture Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers at 100 G/Lane and 200 G/Lane over Multimode Fibers
title_sort link bandwidth and transmission capability of single mode multi aperture vertical cavity surface emitting lasers at 100 g lane and 200 g lane over multimode fibers
topic VCSEL
multimode fiber
modal bandwidth
laser–chromatic dispersion interaction
link bandwidth
transmission reach
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/2/147
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