Comparison of bacterial removal from dentinal tubules with different irrigant agitation techniques: An in vitro study

Aim: This investigation was conducted to assess the ability of various irrigant agitation devices to eradicate Enterococcus faecalis from the dentinal tubules of extracted teeth. Methodology: Fifty roots of extracted human teeth were instrumented to size 30 k with a 0.04 taper. The roots were autocl...

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Main Authors: Mohammad I. Al-Obaida, Reina Moukaddem, Ziyad Allahem, AbdulAziz AbdulWahed, Faisal A AlOnaizan, Ebtissam M. Al-Madi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2019-10-01
Series:Saudi Dental Journal
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905219303451
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author Mohammad I. Al-Obaida
Reina Moukaddem
Ziyad Allahem
AbdulAziz AbdulWahed
Faisal A AlOnaizan
Ebtissam M. Al-Madi
author_facet Mohammad I. Al-Obaida
Reina Moukaddem
Ziyad Allahem
AbdulAziz AbdulWahed
Faisal A AlOnaizan
Ebtissam M. Al-Madi
author_sort Mohammad I. Al-Obaida
collection DOAJ
description Aim: This investigation was conducted to assess the ability of various irrigant agitation devices to eradicate Enterococcus faecalis from the dentinal tubules of extracted teeth. Methodology: Fifty roots of extracted human teeth were instrumented to size 30 k with a 0.04 taper. The roots were autoclaved and then injected with E. faecalis. The canals were assigned to one of four intervention groups and disinfected using (A) standard needle irrigation, (B) EndoUltra® Ultrasonic Activator, (C) the EndoActivator system, or (D) EDDY sonic activation and to two control groups that were (E) treated with saline and (F) not inoculated with any bacteria. The roots were split in half, dyed with a LIVE/DEAD Back Light Bacterial Viability Kit, and then scanned with a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) to identify live/dead bacteria in the dentinal tubules. Results: CLSM images revealed differences among the groups. Both the EndoUltra® Ultrasonic Activator group and the EDDY group had a combination of dead and live bacteria, while the EndoActivator group had mostly dead bacteria, in contrast to single needle irrigation which had mostly live bacteria. Activation of the irrigating solution resulted in more dead bacteria than standard needle irrigation at the coronal, middle, and apical parts of the roots. Overall, the EndoActivator system was superior to all other techniques in reducing live bacteria within the root canal. Conclusion: Activation of sodium hypochlorite with sonic and ultrasonic systems dramatically reduced live bacteria contamination in the dentinal tubules of infected root canals. Keywords: Irrigation, EndoUltra® ultrasonic activator, EndoActivator, EDDY sonic activation, Confocal laser scanning microscopy, Dentinal tubules
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spelling doaj-art-c696e4e10f474db5a69cff49aad817f72025-08-20T03:04:46ZengSpringerSaudi Dental Journal1013-90522019-10-0131443143610.1016/j.sdentj.2019.05.001Comparison of bacterial removal from dentinal tubules with different irrigant agitation techniques: An in vitro studyMohammad I. Al-Obaida0Reina Moukaddem1Ziyad Allahem2AbdulAziz AbdulWahed3Faisal A AlOnaizan4Ebtissam M. Al-Madi5Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Dentistry, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, LebanonDepartment of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Dentistry, Prince Sattam University, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam AbdulRahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author.Aim: This investigation was conducted to assess the ability of various irrigant agitation devices to eradicate Enterococcus faecalis from the dentinal tubules of extracted teeth. Methodology: Fifty roots of extracted human teeth were instrumented to size 30 k with a 0.04 taper. The roots were autoclaved and then injected with E. faecalis. The canals were assigned to one of four intervention groups and disinfected using (A) standard needle irrigation, (B) EndoUltra® Ultrasonic Activator, (C) the EndoActivator system, or (D) EDDY sonic activation and to two control groups that were (E) treated with saline and (F) not inoculated with any bacteria. The roots were split in half, dyed with a LIVE/DEAD Back Light Bacterial Viability Kit, and then scanned with a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) to identify live/dead bacteria in the dentinal tubules. Results: CLSM images revealed differences among the groups. Both the EndoUltra® Ultrasonic Activator group and the EDDY group had a combination of dead and live bacteria, while the EndoActivator group had mostly dead bacteria, in contrast to single needle irrigation which had mostly live bacteria. Activation of the irrigating solution resulted in more dead bacteria than standard needle irrigation at the coronal, middle, and apical parts of the roots. Overall, the EndoActivator system was superior to all other techniques in reducing live bacteria within the root canal. Conclusion: Activation of sodium hypochlorite with sonic and ultrasonic systems dramatically reduced live bacteria contamination in the dentinal tubules of infected root canals. Keywords: Irrigation, EndoUltra® ultrasonic activator, EndoActivator, EDDY sonic activation, Confocal laser scanning microscopy, Dentinal tubuleshttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905219303451
spellingShingle Mohammad I. Al-Obaida
Reina Moukaddem
Ziyad Allahem
AbdulAziz AbdulWahed
Faisal A AlOnaizan
Ebtissam M. Al-Madi
Comparison of bacterial removal from dentinal tubules with different irrigant agitation techniques: An in vitro study
Saudi Dental Journal
title Comparison of bacterial removal from dentinal tubules with different irrigant agitation techniques: An in vitro study
title_full Comparison of bacterial removal from dentinal tubules with different irrigant agitation techniques: An in vitro study
title_fullStr Comparison of bacterial removal from dentinal tubules with different irrigant agitation techniques: An in vitro study
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of bacterial removal from dentinal tubules with different irrigant agitation techniques: An in vitro study
title_short Comparison of bacterial removal from dentinal tubules with different irrigant agitation techniques: An in vitro study
title_sort comparison of bacterial removal from dentinal tubules with different irrigant agitation techniques an in vitro study
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905219303451
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