A comprehensive review of cyclic activated sludge processes in wastewater treatment: Current perspectives and future challenges
Recent advances in biological wastewater treatment have spurred the development of innovative modifications aimed at enhancing both efficiency and sustainability. This review examines recent modifications within cyclic activated processes, categorizing them by metabolic function (anaerobic, aerobic,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949839224001342 |
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| author | Mohammad Mosaferi Sakine Shekoohiyan Ali Behnami Ehsan Aghayani Khaled Zoroufchi Benis Houra Allaeaiea Mojtaba Pourakbar |
| author_facet | Mohammad Mosaferi Sakine Shekoohiyan Ali Behnami Ehsan Aghayani Khaled Zoroufchi Benis Houra Allaeaiea Mojtaba Pourakbar |
| author_sort | Mohammad Mosaferi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recent advances in biological wastewater treatment have spurred the development of innovative modifications aimed at enhancing both efficiency and sustainability. This review examines recent modifications within cyclic activated processes, categorizing them by metabolic function (anaerobic, aerobic, anoxic, and combined), biomass types (attached and suspended growth), and structural changes made to the systems. Cyclic processes demonstrate key advantages, including improved nutrient removal, reduced energy demands, and greater system stability. Nevertheless, challenges persist in optimizing parameters, scaling technology for industrial use, and managing operational costs. The study also investigates the integration of enzymatic processes with cyclic activated sludge, an approach that could significantly enhance the breakdown of organic contaminants. Such combined processes may offer a transformative solution for organic contaminant degradation in wastewater, warranting further research to support their application on an industrial scale. Overall, the ongoing refinement of cyclic activated sludge processes holds considerable promise for advancing sustainable and efficient water treatment technologies, essential for addressing water pollution and conserving resources. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c6963aa7fe1644e7bf44759f2d38d512 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2949-8392 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment |
| spelling | doaj-art-c6963aa7fe1644e7bf44759f2d38d5122025-08-20T02:47:45ZengElsevierSustainable Chemistry for the Environment2949-83922025-03-01910019110.1016/j.scenv.2024.100191A comprehensive review of cyclic activated sludge processes in wastewater treatment: Current perspectives and future challengesMohammad Mosaferi0Sakine Shekoohiyan1Ali Behnami2Ehsan Aghayani3Khaled Zoroufchi Benis4Houra Allaeaiea5Mojtaba Pourakbar6Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranResearch Center for Environmental Contaminants. Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, IranDepartment of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, CanadaDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Science and research branch, Tehran, IranDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran; Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Corresponding author at: Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.Recent advances in biological wastewater treatment have spurred the development of innovative modifications aimed at enhancing both efficiency and sustainability. This review examines recent modifications within cyclic activated processes, categorizing them by metabolic function (anaerobic, aerobic, anoxic, and combined), biomass types (attached and suspended growth), and structural changes made to the systems. Cyclic processes demonstrate key advantages, including improved nutrient removal, reduced energy demands, and greater system stability. Nevertheless, challenges persist in optimizing parameters, scaling technology for industrial use, and managing operational costs. The study also investigates the integration of enzymatic processes with cyclic activated sludge, an approach that could significantly enhance the breakdown of organic contaminants. Such combined processes may offer a transformative solution for organic contaminant degradation in wastewater, warranting further research to support their application on an industrial scale. Overall, the ongoing refinement of cyclic activated sludge processes holds considerable promise for advancing sustainable and efficient water treatment technologies, essential for addressing water pollution and conserving resources.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949839224001342BiodegradationEnzymatic degradationIntegrated aerobic/anaerobic processSBRSCR |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Mosaferi Sakine Shekoohiyan Ali Behnami Ehsan Aghayani Khaled Zoroufchi Benis Houra Allaeaiea Mojtaba Pourakbar A comprehensive review of cyclic activated sludge processes in wastewater treatment: Current perspectives and future challenges Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment Biodegradation Enzymatic degradation Integrated aerobic/anaerobic process SBR SCR |
| title | A comprehensive review of cyclic activated sludge processes in wastewater treatment: Current perspectives and future challenges |
| title_full | A comprehensive review of cyclic activated sludge processes in wastewater treatment: Current perspectives and future challenges |
| title_fullStr | A comprehensive review of cyclic activated sludge processes in wastewater treatment: Current perspectives and future challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed | A comprehensive review of cyclic activated sludge processes in wastewater treatment: Current perspectives and future challenges |
| title_short | A comprehensive review of cyclic activated sludge processes in wastewater treatment: Current perspectives and future challenges |
| title_sort | comprehensive review of cyclic activated sludge processes in wastewater treatment current perspectives and future challenges |
| topic | Biodegradation Enzymatic degradation Integrated aerobic/anaerobic process SBR SCR |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949839224001342 |
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