A Novel, Low-Cost Glaucoma Calculator to Identify Glaucoma Patients and Stratify Management

Glaucoma is a leading cause of preventable blindness globally. Nearly, half of the patients who have glaucoma in the United States are unaware of their diagnosis, and this number is far greater in resource poor areas. The risk of progressive and irreversible loss of vision is decreased with an early...

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Main Authors: Daniel Laroche, Kara Rickford, Elise V. Mike, Liane Hunter, Ezekiel Ede, Chester Ng, John Douglas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2022-01-01
Series:Journal of Ophthalmology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5288726
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author Daniel Laroche
Kara Rickford
Elise V. Mike
Liane Hunter
Ezekiel Ede
Chester Ng
John Douglas
author_facet Daniel Laroche
Kara Rickford
Elise V. Mike
Liane Hunter
Ezekiel Ede
Chester Ng
John Douglas
author_sort Daniel Laroche
collection DOAJ
description Glaucoma is a leading cause of preventable blindness globally. Nearly, half of the patients who have glaucoma in the United States are unaware of their diagnosis, and this number is far greater in resource poor areas. The risk of progressive and irreversible loss of vision is decreased with an early diagnosis, and better access to treatment is vital to improve the visual outcome for patients. We therefore postulated that a minimally invasive, low-cost calculator used to predict the risk of glaucoma and inform the course of follow-up care will improve patient prognosis. We retrospectively examined data from 104 eyes of patients who underwent a complete ocular examination, visual field, and corneal pachymetry at Advanced Eye Care of New York (54 with glaucoma and 50 controls). Receiver operating curves (ROC) were utilized to determine the correct glaucoma classification rates of the Laroche glaucoma calculator (Range −3 to 18), a novel tool that combines age, intraocular pressure (IOP), and central corneal thickness (CCT) into a composite metric. Additionally, we compared the discriminatory power of this calculator to age, intraocular pressure (IOP), and central corneal thickness (CCT) separately. A score of greater than or equal to 6 on the Laroche glaucoma calculator (sensitivity 90.74%, specificity 64.00%, correct classification 77.88%) optimizes the accuracy of this tool. Compared to IOP (Area Under the Curve (AUC) = 0.72, chi2 = 4.21, p=0.04) and CCT (AUC = 0.53), chi2 24.72 p<0.001), the Laroche glaucoma calculator (AUC = 0.81) was significantly better at discriminating against glaucoma patients vs. controls. These results demonstrate that the Laroche calculator is a novel, effective tool for identifying glaucoma, and it may provide a low-cost risk stratification tool, particularly in areas with limited resources.
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spelling doaj-art-c66d9ff4a8e84e498bfd140dba5b2b992025-08-20T03:23:20ZengWileyJournal of Ophthalmology2090-00582022-01-01202210.1155/2022/5288726A Novel, Low-Cost Glaucoma Calculator to Identify Glaucoma Patients and Stratify ManagementDaniel Laroche0Kara Rickford1Elise V. Mike2Liane Hunter3Ezekiel Ede4Chester Ng5John Douglas6New York Eye and Ear InfirmaryNew York Medical CollegeWilmer Eye InstituteMontefiore Medical CenterAdvanced Eye Care of New YorkAdvanced Eye Care of New YorkMercer University School of MedicineGlaucoma is a leading cause of preventable blindness globally. Nearly, half of the patients who have glaucoma in the United States are unaware of their diagnosis, and this number is far greater in resource poor areas. The risk of progressive and irreversible loss of vision is decreased with an early diagnosis, and better access to treatment is vital to improve the visual outcome for patients. We therefore postulated that a minimally invasive, low-cost calculator used to predict the risk of glaucoma and inform the course of follow-up care will improve patient prognosis. We retrospectively examined data from 104 eyes of patients who underwent a complete ocular examination, visual field, and corneal pachymetry at Advanced Eye Care of New York (54 with glaucoma and 50 controls). Receiver operating curves (ROC) were utilized to determine the correct glaucoma classification rates of the Laroche glaucoma calculator (Range −3 to 18), a novel tool that combines age, intraocular pressure (IOP), and central corneal thickness (CCT) into a composite metric. Additionally, we compared the discriminatory power of this calculator to age, intraocular pressure (IOP), and central corneal thickness (CCT) separately. A score of greater than or equal to 6 on the Laroche glaucoma calculator (sensitivity 90.74%, specificity 64.00%, correct classification 77.88%) optimizes the accuracy of this tool. Compared to IOP (Area Under the Curve (AUC) = 0.72, chi2 = 4.21, p=0.04) and CCT (AUC = 0.53), chi2 24.72 p<0.001), the Laroche glaucoma calculator (AUC = 0.81) was significantly better at discriminating against glaucoma patients vs. controls. These results demonstrate that the Laroche calculator is a novel, effective tool for identifying glaucoma, and it may provide a low-cost risk stratification tool, particularly in areas with limited resources.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5288726
spellingShingle Daniel Laroche
Kara Rickford
Elise V. Mike
Liane Hunter
Ezekiel Ede
Chester Ng
John Douglas
A Novel, Low-Cost Glaucoma Calculator to Identify Glaucoma Patients and Stratify Management
Journal of Ophthalmology
title A Novel, Low-Cost Glaucoma Calculator to Identify Glaucoma Patients and Stratify Management
title_full A Novel, Low-Cost Glaucoma Calculator to Identify Glaucoma Patients and Stratify Management
title_fullStr A Novel, Low-Cost Glaucoma Calculator to Identify Glaucoma Patients and Stratify Management
title_full_unstemmed A Novel, Low-Cost Glaucoma Calculator to Identify Glaucoma Patients and Stratify Management
title_short A Novel, Low-Cost Glaucoma Calculator to Identify Glaucoma Patients and Stratify Management
title_sort novel low cost glaucoma calculator to identify glaucoma patients and stratify management
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5288726
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