Quantum Classification Outside the Promised Class

This paper studies the important problem of quantum classification of Boolean functions from an entirely novel perspective. Typically, quantum classification algorithms allow us to classify functions with a probability of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&...

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Main Authors: Theodore Andronikos, Constantinos Bitsakos, Konstantinos Nikas, Georgios I. Goumas, Nectarios Koziris
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Computers
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/6/228
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author Theodore Andronikos
Constantinos Bitsakos
Konstantinos Nikas
Georgios I. Goumas
Nectarios Koziris
author_facet Theodore Andronikos
Constantinos Bitsakos
Konstantinos Nikas
Georgios I. Goumas
Nectarios Koziris
author_sort Theodore Andronikos
collection DOAJ
description This paper studies the important problem of quantum classification of Boolean functions from an entirely novel perspective. Typically, quantum classification algorithms allow us to classify functions with a probability of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>1.0</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, if we are promised that they meet specific unique properties. The primary objective of this study is to explore whether it is feasible to obtain any insights when the input function deviates from the promised class. For concreteness, we use a recently introduced quantum algorithm that is designed to classify a large class of imbalanced Boolean functions with probability <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>1.0</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> using just a single oracular query. First, we establish a completely new concept characterizing “nearness” between Boolean functions. Utilizing this concept, we show that, as long as the unknown function is close enough to the promised class, it is still possible to obtain useful information about its behavioral pattern from the classification algorithm. In this regard, the current study is among the first to provide evidence that shows how useful it is to apply quantum classification algorithms to functions outside the promised class in order to get a glimpse of important information.
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spelling doaj-art-c65fc22f342043c0a6bf68238f56b3242025-08-20T03:27:18ZengMDPI AGComputers2073-431X2025-06-0114622810.3390/computers14060228Quantum Classification Outside the Promised ClassTheodore Andronikos0Constantinos Bitsakos1Konstantinos Nikas2Georgios I. Goumas3Nectarios Koziris4Department of Informatics, Ionian University, 7 Tsirigoti Square, 49100 Corfu, GreeceComputing Systems Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens, 15772 Zografou, GreeceComputing Systems Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens, 15772 Zografou, GreeceComputing Systems Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens, 15772 Zografou, GreeceComputing Systems Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens, 15772 Zografou, GreeceThis paper studies the important problem of quantum classification of Boolean functions from an entirely novel perspective. Typically, quantum classification algorithms allow us to classify functions with a probability of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>1.0</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, if we are promised that they meet specific unique properties. The primary objective of this study is to explore whether it is feasible to obtain any insights when the input function deviates from the promised class. For concreteness, we use a recently introduced quantum algorithm that is designed to classify a large class of imbalanced Boolean functions with probability <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>1.0</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> using just a single oracular query. First, we establish a completely new concept characterizing “nearness” between Boolean functions. Utilizing this concept, we show that, as long as the unknown function is close enough to the promised class, it is still possible to obtain useful information about its behavioral pattern from the classification algorithm. In this regard, the current study is among the first to provide evidence that shows how useful it is to apply quantum classification algorithms to functions outside the promised class in order to get a glimpse of important information.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/6/228quantum algorithmBoolean functionpatternoraclethe Deutsch–Jozsa algorithmclassification
spellingShingle Theodore Andronikos
Constantinos Bitsakos
Konstantinos Nikas
Georgios I. Goumas
Nectarios Koziris
Quantum Classification Outside the Promised Class
Computers
quantum algorithm
Boolean function
pattern
oracle
the Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm
classification
title Quantum Classification Outside the Promised Class
title_full Quantum Classification Outside the Promised Class
title_fullStr Quantum Classification Outside the Promised Class
title_full_unstemmed Quantum Classification Outside the Promised Class
title_short Quantum Classification Outside the Promised Class
title_sort quantum classification outside the promised class
topic quantum algorithm
Boolean function
pattern
oracle
the Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm
classification
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/6/228
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AT constantinosbitsakos quantumclassificationoutsidethepromisedclass
AT konstantinosnikas quantumclassificationoutsidethepromisedclass
AT georgiosigoumas quantumclassificationoutsidethepromisedclass
AT nectarioskoziris quantumclassificationoutsidethepromisedclass