ApoBDs: a paradigm shift from cellular debris to therapeutic vehicles
Apoptosis, a genetically programmed cell death process, is essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Apoptotic vesicles (ApoVs), membrane-bound vesicles generated during apoptosis and once considered mere cellular debris, can be classified into apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs), microvesicles, and apopt...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1626796/full |
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| author | Zixuan Xiong Zixuan Xiong Fen Xiao Yuanyuan Sun Yuanyuan Sun Hankun Su Hankun Su Di Liu Di Liu Boya Tang Boya Tang Wenyan Jian Tianli Yang Tianli Yang Jing Zhao Jing Zhao Yanping Li Yanping Li Hui Li Hui Li |
| author_facet | Zixuan Xiong Zixuan Xiong Fen Xiao Yuanyuan Sun Yuanyuan Sun Hankun Su Hankun Su Di Liu Di Liu Boya Tang Boya Tang Wenyan Jian Tianli Yang Tianli Yang Jing Zhao Jing Zhao Yanping Li Yanping Li Hui Li Hui Li |
| author_sort | Zixuan Xiong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Apoptosis, a genetically programmed cell death process, is essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Apoptotic vesicles (ApoVs), membrane-bound vesicles generated during apoptosis and once considered mere cellular debris, can be classified into apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs), microvesicles, and apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs) based on their grain size. These vesicles, packed with bioactive molecules, not only drive tumor growth and metastasis, but also contribute to tissue and organ repair. This review focus on the origins, formation mechanisms, and dual functions of ApoBDs across various diseases, highlighting their paradoxical nature as both disease promoters and therapeutic allies. It further explores the application prospects and clinical practice of ApoBDs in cancer treatment, immune modulation, and tissue regeneration. Additionally, we provide a comprehensive perspective on the transformative potential of ApoBDs in modern medicine, while outlining current challenges and future directions for ongoing research and clinical application. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c649d05e34ff456398f571d7f7f05caa |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-c649d05e34ff456398f571d7f7f05caa2025-08-20T03:13:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-07-011610.3389/fendo.2025.16267961626796ApoBDs: a paradigm shift from cellular debris to therapeutic vehiclesZixuan Xiong0Zixuan Xiong1Fen Xiao2Yuanyuan Sun3Yuanyuan Sun4Hankun Su5Hankun Su6Di Liu7Di Liu8Boya Tang9Boya Tang10Wenyan Jian11Tianli Yang12Tianli Yang13Jing Zhao14Jing Zhao15Yanping Li16Yanping Li17Hui Li18Hui Li19Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaClinical Research Center for Women’s Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaClinical Research Center for Women’s Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaClinical Research Center for Women’s Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaClinical Research Center for Women’s Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaClinical Research Center for Women’s Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Fetal Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaClinical Research Center for Women’s Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaClinical Research Center for Women’s Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaClinical Research Center for Women’s Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaClinical Research Center for Women’s Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaApoptosis, a genetically programmed cell death process, is essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Apoptotic vesicles (ApoVs), membrane-bound vesicles generated during apoptosis and once considered mere cellular debris, can be classified into apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs), microvesicles, and apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs) based on their grain size. These vesicles, packed with bioactive molecules, not only drive tumor growth and metastasis, but also contribute to tissue and organ repair. This review focus on the origins, formation mechanisms, and dual functions of ApoBDs across various diseases, highlighting their paradoxical nature as both disease promoters and therapeutic allies. It further explores the application prospects and clinical practice of ApoBDs in cancer treatment, immune modulation, and tissue regeneration. Additionally, we provide a comprehensive perspective on the transformative potential of ApoBDs in modern medicine, while outlining current challenges and future directions for ongoing research and clinical application.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1626796/fullapoptotic bodiesapoptotic vesiclestissue regenerationtherapeuticsdiagnosis |
| spellingShingle | Zixuan Xiong Zixuan Xiong Fen Xiao Yuanyuan Sun Yuanyuan Sun Hankun Su Hankun Su Di Liu Di Liu Boya Tang Boya Tang Wenyan Jian Tianli Yang Tianli Yang Jing Zhao Jing Zhao Yanping Li Yanping Li Hui Li Hui Li ApoBDs: a paradigm shift from cellular debris to therapeutic vehicles Frontiers in Endocrinology apoptotic bodies apoptotic vesicles tissue regeneration therapeutics diagnosis |
| title | ApoBDs: a paradigm shift from cellular debris to therapeutic vehicles |
| title_full | ApoBDs: a paradigm shift from cellular debris to therapeutic vehicles |
| title_fullStr | ApoBDs: a paradigm shift from cellular debris to therapeutic vehicles |
| title_full_unstemmed | ApoBDs: a paradigm shift from cellular debris to therapeutic vehicles |
| title_short | ApoBDs: a paradigm shift from cellular debris to therapeutic vehicles |
| title_sort | apobds a paradigm shift from cellular debris to therapeutic vehicles |
| topic | apoptotic bodies apoptotic vesicles tissue regeneration therapeutics diagnosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1626796/full |
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