COSMOS-E: Guidance on conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies of etiology.

<h4>Background</h4>To our knowledge, no publication providing overarching guidance on the conduct of systematic reviews of observational studies of etiology exists.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>Conducting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies of Etiolog...

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Main Authors: Olaf M Dekkers, Jan P Vandenbroucke, Myriam Cevallos, Andrew G Renehan, Douglas G Altman, Matthias Egger
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2019-02-01
Series:PLoS Medicine
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002742&type=printable
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author Olaf M Dekkers
Jan P Vandenbroucke
Myriam Cevallos
Andrew G Renehan
Douglas G Altman
Matthias Egger
author_facet Olaf M Dekkers
Jan P Vandenbroucke
Myriam Cevallos
Andrew G Renehan
Douglas G Altman
Matthias Egger
author_sort Olaf M Dekkers
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Background</h4>To our knowledge, no publication providing overarching guidance on the conduct of systematic reviews of observational studies of etiology exists.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>Conducting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies of Etiology (COSMOS-E) provides guidance on all steps in systematic reviews of observational studies of etiology, from shaping the research question, defining exposure and outcomes, to assessing the risk of bias and statistical analysis. The writing group included researchers experienced in meta-analyses and observational studies of etiology. Standard peer-review was performed. While the structure of systematic reviews of observational studies on etiology may be similar to that for systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials, there are specific tasks within each component that differ. Examples include assessment for confounding, selection bias, and information bias. In systematic reviews of observational studies of etiology, combining studies in meta-analysis may lead to more precise estimates, but such greater precision does not automatically remedy potential bias. Thorough exploration of sources of heterogeneity is key when assessing the validity of estimates and causality.<h4>Conclusion</h4>As many reviews of observational studies on etiology are being performed, this document may provide researchers with guidance on how to conduct and analyse such reviews.
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institution OA Journals
issn 1549-1277
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language English
publishDate 2019-02-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
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spelling doaj-art-c63ca16d26a942d4b91c5ef771e89b352025-08-20T02:22:24ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Medicine1549-12771549-16762019-02-01162e100274210.1371/journal.pmed.1002742COSMOS-E: Guidance on conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies of etiology.Olaf M DekkersJan P VandenbrouckeMyriam CevallosAndrew G RenehanDouglas G AltmanMatthias Egger<h4>Background</h4>To our knowledge, no publication providing overarching guidance on the conduct of systematic reviews of observational studies of etiology exists.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>Conducting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies of Etiology (COSMOS-E) provides guidance on all steps in systematic reviews of observational studies of etiology, from shaping the research question, defining exposure and outcomes, to assessing the risk of bias and statistical analysis. The writing group included researchers experienced in meta-analyses and observational studies of etiology. Standard peer-review was performed. While the structure of systematic reviews of observational studies on etiology may be similar to that for systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials, there are specific tasks within each component that differ. Examples include assessment for confounding, selection bias, and information bias. In systematic reviews of observational studies of etiology, combining studies in meta-analysis may lead to more precise estimates, but such greater precision does not automatically remedy potential bias. Thorough exploration of sources of heterogeneity is key when assessing the validity of estimates and causality.<h4>Conclusion</h4>As many reviews of observational studies on etiology are being performed, this document may provide researchers with guidance on how to conduct and analyse such reviews.https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002742&type=printable
spellingShingle Olaf M Dekkers
Jan P Vandenbroucke
Myriam Cevallos
Andrew G Renehan
Douglas G Altman
Matthias Egger
COSMOS-E: Guidance on conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies of etiology.
PLoS Medicine
title COSMOS-E: Guidance on conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies of etiology.
title_full COSMOS-E: Guidance on conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies of etiology.
title_fullStr COSMOS-E: Guidance on conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies of etiology.
title_full_unstemmed COSMOS-E: Guidance on conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies of etiology.
title_short COSMOS-E: Guidance on conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies of etiology.
title_sort cosmos e guidance on conducting systematic reviews and meta analyses of observational studies of etiology
url https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002742&type=printable
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