Lentogenic avian paramyxovirus 1 of both class I and class II are circulating in danish wild and commercial waterfowl
Abstract Newcastle disease, a notifiable avian disease, is caused by virulent avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV-1). In this study, we screened samples collected through the active and passive surveillance for avian influenza virus in Denmark between 2014 and 2022 for APMV-1, detecting 32 APMV-1 in wild an...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-04-01
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| Series: | npj Viruses |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s44298-025-00108-x |
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| author | Karen Martiny Yuan Liang Pia Ryt-Hansen Lars E. Larsen Jens P. Christensen Charlotte K. Hjulsager |
| author_facet | Karen Martiny Yuan Liang Pia Ryt-Hansen Lars E. Larsen Jens P. Christensen Charlotte K. Hjulsager |
| author_sort | Karen Martiny |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Newcastle disease, a notifiable avian disease, is caused by virulent avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV-1). In this study, we screened samples collected through the active and passive surveillance for avian influenza virus in Denmark between 2014 and 2022 for APMV-1, detecting 32 APMV-1 in wild and commercial waterfowl. Phylogenetic analysis identified them as class I genotype 1.2 and class II genotype I.2 viruses, all with monobasic fusion (F) cleavage sites (112ERQERL117 and 112GKQGRL117), characterizing them as lentogenic. Nucleotide and amino acid similarities ranged from 95 to 99.8% and 98.2 to 100% for class I viruses and 95.6–99.8% and 98.7–100% for class II viruses. Genetic comparisons of F genes showed divergence from vaccine strains, ruling out vaccine spillover. Selection analysis revealed neutral and negative selection pressures, suggesting limited adaptive evolution. These findings indicate that lentogenic APMV-1 circulated in Denmark from 2014 to 2022 without strong selection pressures driving significant genetic changes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c62c35bef78e4f17a84351cc88d16094 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2948-1767 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | npj Viruses |
| spelling | doaj-art-c62c35bef78e4f17a84351cc88d160942025-08-20T01:53:15ZengNature Portfolionpj Viruses2948-17672025-04-01311910.1038/s44298-025-00108-xLentogenic avian paramyxovirus 1 of both class I and class II are circulating in danish wild and commercial waterfowlKaren Martiny0Yuan Liang1Pia Ryt-Hansen2Lars E. Larsen3Jens P. Christensen4Charlotte K. Hjulsager5Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 88Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 88Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 88Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 88Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 88Department for Virus and Microbiological Special Diagnostics, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5Abstract Newcastle disease, a notifiable avian disease, is caused by virulent avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV-1). In this study, we screened samples collected through the active and passive surveillance for avian influenza virus in Denmark between 2014 and 2022 for APMV-1, detecting 32 APMV-1 in wild and commercial waterfowl. Phylogenetic analysis identified them as class I genotype 1.2 and class II genotype I.2 viruses, all with monobasic fusion (F) cleavage sites (112ERQERL117 and 112GKQGRL117), characterizing them as lentogenic. Nucleotide and amino acid similarities ranged from 95 to 99.8% and 98.2 to 100% for class I viruses and 95.6–99.8% and 98.7–100% for class II viruses. Genetic comparisons of F genes showed divergence from vaccine strains, ruling out vaccine spillover. Selection analysis revealed neutral and negative selection pressures, suggesting limited adaptive evolution. These findings indicate that lentogenic APMV-1 circulated in Denmark from 2014 to 2022 without strong selection pressures driving significant genetic changes.https://doi.org/10.1038/s44298-025-00108-x |
| spellingShingle | Karen Martiny Yuan Liang Pia Ryt-Hansen Lars E. Larsen Jens P. Christensen Charlotte K. Hjulsager Lentogenic avian paramyxovirus 1 of both class I and class II are circulating in danish wild and commercial waterfowl npj Viruses |
| title | Lentogenic avian paramyxovirus 1 of both class I and class II are circulating in danish wild and commercial waterfowl |
| title_full | Lentogenic avian paramyxovirus 1 of both class I and class II are circulating in danish wild and commercial waterfowl |
| title_fullStr | Lentogenic avian paramyxovirus 1 of both class I and class II are circulating in danish wild and commercial waterfowl |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lentogenic avian paramyxovirus 1 of both class I and class II are circulating in danish wild and commercial waterfowl |
| title_short | Lentogenic avian paramyxovirus 1 of both class I and class II are circulating in danish wild and commercial waterfowl |
| title_sort | lentogenic avian paramyxovirus 1 of both class i and class ii are circulating in danish wild and commercial waterfowl |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s44298-025-00108-x |
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