Weight Loss and Mortality in Overweight and Obese Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review.
<h4>Background</h4>Excess adiposity is a risk factor for poorer cancer survival, but there is uncertainty over whether losing weight reduces the risk. We conducted a critical review of the literature examining weight loss and mortality in overweight or obese cancer survivors.<h4>Me...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2017-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0169173&type=printable |
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| author | Sarah E Jackson Malgorzata Heinrich Rebecca J Beeken Jane Wardle |
| author_facet | Sarah E Jackson Malgorzata Heinrich Rebecca J Beeken Jane Wardle |
| author_sort | Sarah E Jackson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Excess adiposity is a risk factor for poorer cancer survival, but there is uncertainty over whether losing weight reduces the risk. We conducted a critical review of the literature examining weight loss and mortality in overweight or obese cancer survivors.<h4>Methods</h4>We systematically searched PubMed and EMBASE for articles reporting associations between weight loss and mortality (cancer-specific or all-cause) in overweight/obese patients with obesity-related cancers. Where available, data from the same studies on non-overweight patients were compared.<h4>Results</h4>Five articles describing observational studies in breast cancer survivors were included. Four studies reported a positive association between weight loss and mortality in overweight/obese survivors, and the remaining study observed no significant association. Results were similar for non-overweight survivors. Quality assessment indicated high risk of bias across studies.<h4>Conclusions</h4>There is currently a lack of observational evidence that weight loss improves survival for overweight and obese cancer survivors. However, the potential for bias in these studies is considerable and the results likely reflect the consequences of disease-related rather than intentional weight loss. There is a need for stronger study designs, incorporating measures of intentionality of weight loss, and extended to other cancers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c6095ef12088479391655d035f2ddffa |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-c6095ef12088479391655d035f2ddffa2025-08-20T03:24:03ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032017-01-01121e016917310.1371/journal.pone.0169173Weight Loss and Mortality in Overweight and Obese Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review.Sarah E JacksonMalgorzata HeinrichRebecca J BeekenJane Wardle<h4>Background</h4>Excess adiposity is a risk factor for poorer cancer survival, but there is uncertainty over whether losing weight reduces the risk. We conducted a critical review of the literature examining weight loss and mortality in overweight or obese cancer survivors.<h4>Methods</h4>We systematically searched PubMed and EMBASE for articles reporting associations between weight loss and mortality (cancer-specific or all-cause) in overweight/obese patients with obesity-related cancers. Where available, data from the same studies on non-overweight patients were compared.<h4>Results</h4>Five articles describing observational studies in breast cancer survivors were included. Four studies reported a positive association between weight loss and mortality in overweight/obese survivors, and the remaining study observed no significant association. Results were similar for non-overweight survivors. Quality assessment indicated high risk of bias across studies.<h4>Conclusions</h4>There is currently a lack of observational evidence that weight loss improves survival for overweight and obese cancer survivors. However, the potential for bias in these studies is considerable and the results likely reflect the consequences of disease-related rather than intentional weight loss. There is a need for stronger study designs, incorporating measures of intentionality of weight loss, and extended to other cancers.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0169173&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Sarah E Jackson Malgorzata Heinrich Rebecca J Beeken Jane Wardle Weight Loss and Mortality in Overweight and Obese Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review. PLoS ONE |
| title | Weight Loss and Mortality in Overweight and Obese Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review. |
| title_full | Weight Loss and Mortality in Overweight and Obese Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review. |
| title_fullStr | Weight Loss and Mortality in Overweight and Obese Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Weight Loss and Mortality in Overweight and Obese Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review. |
| title_short | Weight Loss and Mortality in Overweight and Obese Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review. |
| title_sort | weight loss and mortality in overweight and obese cancer survivors a systematic review |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0169173&type=printable |
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