WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF GEOPOLITICAL CONDITIONS OF WORLD WAR I. IMPORTANCE OF THE CALIPHATE MOVEMENT FOR TURKEY AND INDIA
India shares excellent historical, cultural, and diplomatic contacts with the Ottomans. India’s connections with Ottoman Empire could be traced at least from the Ottoman capture of Istanbul in 1453. The Ottoman Sultans functioned as Caliph for nearly 80 million Mohammedans in India during the 19th c...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BİLGİTOY BİLGİ, BİLİM, EĞİTİM,ARAŞTIRMA, GELİŞTİRME VE STRATEJİ DERNEĞİ
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | İmgelem |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/3098596 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850024994504966144 |
|---|---|
| author | Ferhat Çağrı Aras Yucel Bulut |
| author_facet | Ferhat Çağrı Aras Yucel Bulut |
| author_sort | Ferhat Çağrı Aras |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | India shares excellent historical, cultural, and diplomatic contacts with the Ottomans. India’s connections with Ottoman Empire could be traced at least from the Ottoman capture of Istanbul in 1453. The Ottoman Sultans functioned as Caliph for nearly 80 million Mohammedans in India during the 19th century, revered for their control over holy places such as Jerusalem, Mecca, and Medina. The Mohammedan society within India heavily sympathized with Turkiye’s cause, including support from all religious and political classes. India was the only foreign country in the world that sent a medical mission to Turkiye during the Balkan Wars (1912-13). While Indian freedom fighters significantly understood the imperial and colonial policies of the West, to which Turkiye also found itself strangled from all sides during the late and initial phases of the 19th and 20th centuries.Sharif Hussein’s family played a crucial role in igniting the Arab revolt against the Ottoman Empire. But he could not evoke Caliphate to attain support from Mohammedan society in the post-war era due to the fear among the Islamic community of being the puppet of the West. Moreover, the Young Turk Movement and German Kaiser (protectorate) could not supersede the supra-national identity of Islam. Still, the rise of Nationalism under the Western protectorates heavily impacted the Ottoman control of Gulf/West Asia. The First World War and subsequent agreements dismantled the Ottomans’ regional authority. The Subsequent treatment of Ottomans under the Treaty of Sevres ignited the Indian response supporting the Turkish cause. This paper seeks to outline India- Turkiye relations during the Khilafat movement 1919-1924 and possible reasons for the help of the Khilafat movement. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c5fdfaa32dfb4cacab7f2f61f36fe864 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2602-4446 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | BİLGİTOY BİLGİ, BİLİM, EĞİTİM,ARAŞTIRMA, GELİŞTİRME VE STRATEJİ DERNEĞİ |
| record_format | Article |
| series | İmgelem |
| spelling | doaj-art-c5fdfaa32dfb4cacab7f2f61f36fe8642025-08-20T03:00:58ZengBİLGİTOY BİLGİ, BİLİM, EĞİTİM,ARAŞTIRMA, GELİŞTİRME VE STRATEJİ DERNEĞİİmgelem2602-44462023-07-01712254610.53791/imgelem.12866442429WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF GEOPOLITICAL CONDITIONS OF WORLD WAR I. IMPORTANCE OF THE CALIPHATE MOVEMENT FOR TURKEY AND INDIAFerhat Çağrı Aras0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2108-1981Yucel Bulut1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1225-5249KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİKARADENIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITYIndia shares excellent historical, cultural, and diplomatic contacts with the Ottomans. India’s connections with Ottoman Empire could be traced at least from the Ottoman capture of Istanbul in 1453. The Ottoman Sultans functioned as Caliph for nearly 80 million Mohammedans in India during the 19th century, revered for their control over holy places such as Jerusalem, Mecca, and Medina. The Mohammedan society within India heavily sympathized with Turkiye’s cause, including support from all religious and political classes. India was the only foreign country in the world that sent a medical mission to Turkiye during the Balkan Wars (1912-13). While Indian freedom fighters significantly understood the imperial and colonial policies of the West, to which Turkiye also found itself strangled from all sides during the late and initial phases of the 19th and 20th centuries.Sharif Hussein’s family played a crucial role in igniting the Arab revolt against the Ottoman Empire. But he could not evoke Caliphate to attain support from Mohammedan society in the post-war era due to the fear among the Islamic community of being the puppet of the West. Moreover, the Young Turk Movement and German Kaiser (protectorate) could not supersede the supra-national identity of Islam. Still, the rise of Nationalism under the Western protectorates heavily impacted the Ottoman control of Gulf/West Asia. The First World War and subsequent agreements dismantled the Ottomans’ regional authority. The Subsequent treatment of Ottomans under the Treaty of Sevres ignited the Indian response supporting the Turkish cause. This paper seeks to outline India- Turkiye relations during the Khilafat movement 1919-1924 and possible reasons for the help of the Khilafat movement.https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/3098596ottoman sultanfirst world warcaliphatefreedom struggleindia-turkiye relationsturkiyeturkeyosmanlı sultanı1. dünya savaşıhilafetözgürlük mücadelesihindistan-türkiye i̇lişkileri |
| spellingShingle | Ferhat Çağrı Aras Yucel Bulut WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF GEOPOLITICAL CONDITIONS OF WORLD WAR I. IMPORTANCE OF THE CALIPHATE MOVEMENT FOR TURKEY AND INDIA İmgelem ottoman sultan first world war caliphate freedom struggle india-turkiye relations turkiye turkey osmanlı sultanı 1. dünya savaşı hilafet özgürlük mücadelesi hindistan-türkiye i̇lişkileri |
| title | WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF GEOPOLITICAL CONDITIONS OF WORLD WAR I. IMPORTANCE OF THE CALIPHATE MOVEMENT FOR TURKEY AND INDIA |
| title_full | WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF GEOPOLITICAL CONDITIONS OF WORLD WAR I. IMPORTANCE OF THE CALIPHATE MOVEMENT FOR TURKEY AND INDIA |
| title_fullStr | WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF GEOPOLITICAL CONDITIONS OF WORLD WAR I. IMPORTANCE OF THE CALIPHATE MOVEMENT FOR TURKEY AND INDIA |
| title_full_unstemmed | WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF GEOPOLITICAL CONDITIONS OF WORLD WAR I. IMPORTANCE OF THE CALIPHATE MOVEMENT FOR TURKEY AND INDIA |
| title_short | WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF GEOPOLITICAL CONDITIONS OF WORLD WAR I. IMPORTANCE OF THE CALIPHATE MOVEMENT FOR TURKEY AND INDIA |
| title_sort | within the framework of geopolitical conditions of world war i importance of the caliphate movement for turkey and india |
| topic | ottoman sultan first world war caliphate freedom struggle india-turkiye relations turkiye turkey osmanlı sultanı 1. dünya savaşı hilafet özgürlük mücadelesi hindistan-türkiye i̇lişkileri |
| url | https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/3098596 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ferhatcagrıaras withintheframeworkofgeopoliticalconditionsofworldwariimportanceofthecaliphatemovementforturkeyandindia AT yucelbulut withintheframeworkofgeopoliticalconditionsofworldwariimportanceofthecaliphatemovementforturkeyandindia |