Phytochemical Analysis and Multifaceted Biomedical Activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i> Extract as Natural Product-Based Therapies

This study examined the phytochemical profile and biomedical activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i>, a halophytic and drought-resistant shrub. HPLC analysis showed gallic acid (1905.1 μg/g), catechin (1984.1 μg/g), and ellagic acid (2671.1 μg/g) as the primary constituents, while FT-IR ana...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Manal M. Khowdiary, Zinab Alatawi, Amirah Alhowiti, Mohamed A. Amin, Hussam Daghistani, Faisal Miqad K. Albaqami, Mohamed Ali Abdel-Rahman, Ahmed Ghareeb, Nehad A. Shaer, Ahmed M. Shawky, Amr Fouda
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Life
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/14/12/1629
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850051014643679232
author Manal M. Khowdiary
Zinab Alatawi
Amirah Alhowiti
Mohamed A. Amin
Hussam Daghistani
Faisal Miqad K. Albaqami
Mohamed Ali Abdel-Rahman
Ahmed Ghareeb
Nehad A. Shaer
Ahmed M. Shawky
Amr Fouda
author_facet Manal M. Khowdiary
Zinab Alatawi
Amirah Alhowiti
Mohamed A. Amin
Hussam Daghistani
Faisal Miqad K. Albaqami
Mohamed Ali Abdel-Rahman
Ahmed Ghareeb
Nehad A. Shaer
Ahmed M. Shawky
Amr Fouda
author_sort Manal M. Khowdiary
collection DOAJ
description This study examined the phytochemical profile and biomedical activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i>, a halophytic and drought-resistant shrub. HPLC analysis showed gallic acid (1905.1 μg/g), catechin (1984.1 μg/g), and ellagic acid (2671.1 μg/g) as the primary constituents, while FT-IR analysis revealed a complex organic profile with significant functional groups. The extract demonstrated strong antioxidant activity in DPPH assays, outperforming ascorbic acid (IC<sub>50</sub> = 18.7 ± 1.0 μg/mL) with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 16.4 ± 4.4 μg/mL. It demonstrated specific antiproliferative effects on cancer cell lines as it showed selective cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines; normal WI38 cells were largely unaffected, showing 50.0% viability at 125 μg/mL. The most sensitive cell line was Caco2, which showed 50.0% viability at 125 μg/mL. Anti-diabetic properties were exhibited by means of inhibition of α-amylase (IC<sub>50</sub> = 68.2 ± 4.2 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC<sub>50</sub> = 22.8 ± 3.3 μg/mL). Additionally, antimicrobial activity was observed to be broad-spectrum, and it was most effective against <i>E. coli</i> (32.6 mm inhibition zone at 400 μg/mL) and <i>Penicillium glabrum</i> (35.3 mm at 400 μg/mL). These findings highlight the potential of <i>N. retusa</i> in developing plant-based therapeutic approaches.
format Article
id doaj-art-c5dfa93d452e4c28bcacbbfc783c6463
institution DOAJ
issn 2075-1729
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Life
spelling doaj-art-c5dfa93d452e4c28bcacbbfc783c64632025-08-20T02:53:17ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292024-12-011412162910.3390/life14121629Phytochemical Analysis and Multifaceted Biomedical Activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i> Extract as Natural Product-Based TherapiesManal M. Khowdiary0Zinab Alatawi1Amirah Alhowiti2Mohamed A. Amin3Hussam Daghistani4Faisal Miqad K. Albaqami5Mohamed Ali Abdel-Rahman6Ahmed Ghareeb7Nehad A. Shaer8Ahmed M. Shawky9Amr Fouda10Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Lieth Collage, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, EgyptDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaBiology Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, EgyptBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, EgyptDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Lieth Collage, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi ArabiaScience and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, EgyptThis study examined the phytochemical profile and biomedical activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i>, a halophytic and drought-resistant shrub. HPLC analysis showed gallic acid (1905.1 μg/g), catechin (1984.1 μg/g), and ellagic acid (2671.1 μg/g) as the primary constituents, while FT-IR analysis revealed a complex organic profile with significant functional groups. The extract demonstrated strong antioxidant activity in DPPH assays, outperforming ascorbic acid (IC<sub>50</sub> = 18.7 ± 1.0 μg/mL) with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 16.4 ± 4.4 μg/mL. It demonstrated specific antiproliferative effects on cancer cell lines as it showed selective cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines; normal WI38 cells were largely unaffected, showing 50.0% viability at 125 μg/mL. The most sensitive cell line was Caco2, which showed 50.0% viability at 125 μg/mL. Anti-diabetic properties were exhibited by means of inhibition of α-amylase (IC<sub>50</sub> = 68.2 ± 4.2 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC<sub>50</sub> = 22.8 ± 3.3 μg/mL). Additionally, antimicrobial activity was observed to be broad-spectrum, and it was most effective against <i>E. coli</i> (32.6 mm inhibition zone at 400 μg/mL) and <i>Penicillium glabrum</i> (35.3 mm at 400 μg/mL). These findings highlight the potential of <i>N. retusa</i> in developing plant-based therapeutic approaches.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/14/12/1629plant extracts<i>Nitraria retusa</i>antioxidant activitycytotoxicityanti-diabeticantimicrobial activity
spellingShingle Manal M. Khowdiary
Zinab Alatawi
Amirah Alhowiti
Mohamed A. Amin
Hussam Daghistani
Faisal Miqad K. Albaqami
Mohamed Ali Abdel-Rahman
Ahmed Ghareeb
Nehad A. Shaer
Ahmed M. Shawky
Amr Fouda
Phytochemical Analysis and Multifaceted Biomedical Activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i> Extract as Natural Product-Based Therapies
Life
plant extracts
<i>Nitraria retusa</i>
antioxidant activity
cytotoxicity
anti-diabetic
antimicrobial activity
title Phytochemical Analysis and Multifaceted Biomedical Activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i> Extract as Natural Product-Based Therapies
title_full Phytochemical Analysis and Multifaceted Biomedical Activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i> Extract as Natural Product-Based Therapies
title_fullStr Phytochemical Analysis and Multifaceted Biomedical Activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i> Extract as Natural Product-Based Therapies
title_full_unstemmed Phytochemical Analysis and Multifaceted Biomedical Activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i> Extract as Natural Product-Based Therapies
title_short Phytochemical Analysis and Multifaceted Biomedical Activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i> Extract as Natural Product-Based Therapies
title_sort phytochemical analysis and multifaceted biomedical activities of i nitraria retusa i extract as natural product based therapies
topic plant extracts
<i>Nitraria retusa</i>
antioxidant activity
cytotoxicity
anti-diabetic
antimicrobial activity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/14/12/1629
work_keys_str_mv AT manalmkhowdiary phytochemicalanalysisandmultifacetedbiomedicalactivitiesofinitrariaretusaiextractasnaturalproductbasedtherapies
AT zinabalatawi phytochemicalanalysisandmultifacetedbiomedicalactivitiesofinitrariaretusaiextractasnaturalproductbasedtherapies
AT amirahalhowiti phytochemicalanalysisandmultifacetedbiomedicalactivitiesofinitrariaretusaiextractasnaturalproductbasedtherapies
AT mohamedaamin phytochemicalanalysisandmultifacetedbiomedicalactivitiesofinitrariaretusaiextractasnaturalproductbasedtherapies
AT hussamdaghistani phytochemicalanalysisandmultifacetedbiomedicalactivitiesofinitrariaretusaiextractasnaturalproductbasedtherapies
AT faisalmiqadkalbaqami phytochemicalanalysisandmultifacetedbiomedicalactivitiesofinitrariaretusaiextractasnaturalproductbasedtherapies
AT mohamedaliabdelrahman phytochemicalanalysisandmultifacetedbiomedicalactivitiesofinitrariaretusaiextractasnaturalproductbasedtherapies
AT ahmedghareeb phytochemicalanalysisandmultifacetedbiomedicalactivitiesofinitrariaretusaiextractasnaturalproductbasedtherapies
AT nehadashaer phytochemicalanalysisandmultifacetedbiomedicalactivitiesofinitrariaretusaiextractasnaturalproductbasedtherapies
AT ahmedmshawky phytochemicalanalysisandmultifacetedbiomedicalactivitiesofinitrariaretusaiextractasnaturalproductbasedtherapies
AT amrfouda phytochemicalanalysisandmultifacetedbiomedicalactivitiesofinitrariaretusaiextractasnaturalproductbasedtherapies