Phytochemical Analysis and Multifaceted Biomedical Activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i> Extract as Natural Product-Based Therapies

Phytochemical Analysis and Multifaceted Biomedical Activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i> Extract as Natural Product-Based Therapies

This study examined the phytochemical profile and biomedical activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i>, a halophytic and drought-resistant shrub. HPLC analysis showed gallic acid (1905.1 μg/g), catechin (1984.1 μg/g), and ellagic acid (2671.1 μg/g) as the primary constituents, while FT-IR ana...

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Main Authors: Manal M. Khowdiary, Zinab Alatawi, Amirah Alhowiti, Mohamed A. Amin, Hussam Daghistani, Faisal Miqad K. Albaqami, Mohamed Ali Abdel-Rahman, Ahmed Ghareeb, Nehad A. Shaer, Ahmed M. Shawky, Amr Fouda
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Life
Subjects:
plant extracts
<i>Nitraria retusa</i>
antioxidant activity
cytotoxicity
anti-diabetic
antimicrobial activity
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/14/12/1629
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Summary:This study examined the phytochemical profile and biomedical activities of <i>Nitraria retusa</i>, a halophytic and drought-resistant shrub. HPLC analysis showed gallic acid (1905.1 μg/g), catechin (1984.1 μg/g), and ellagic acid (2671.1 μg/g) as the primary constituents, while FT-IR analysis revealed a complex organic profile with significant functional groups. The extract demonstrated strong antioxidant activity in DPPH assays, outperforming ascorbic acid (IC<sub>50</sub> = 18.7 ± 1.0 μg/mL) with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 16.4 ± 4.4 μg/mL. It demonstrated specific antiproliferative effects on cancer cell lines as it showed selective cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines; normal WI38 cells were largely unaffected, showing 50.0% viability at 125 μg/mL. The most sensitive cell line was Caco2, which showed 50.0% viability at 125 μg/mL. Anti-diabetic properties were exhibited by means of inhibition of α-amylase (IC<sub>50</sub> = 68.2 ± 4.2 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC<sub>50</sub> = 22.8 ± 3.3 μg/mL). Additionally, antimicrobial activity was observed to be broad-spectrum, and it was most effective against <i>E. coli</i> (32.6 mm inhibition zone at 400 μg/mL) and <i>Penicillium glabrum</i> (35.3 mm at 400 μg/mL). These findings highlight the potential of <i>N. retusa</i> in developing plant-based therapeutic approaches.
ISSN:2075-1729

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