Exploring multilevel determinants of stillbirth: a comprehensive analysis across sub-Saharan African countries
Background Stillbirths and associated outcomes remain a significant concern in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with approximately 41% of global stillbirths.Design Our cross-sectional analysis included a weighted sample of women aged 15–49 years who had given birth or experienced stillbirth.Setting Sub-Sah...
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BMJ Publishing Group
2025-06-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/6/e089371.full |
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| author | Oluwabunmi Ogungbe Khadijat Adeleye Yvette Yeboah-Kordieh Ashley Gresh Favorite Iradukunda |
| author_facet | Oluwabunmi Ogungbe Khadijat Adeleye Yvette Yeboah-Kordieh Ashley Gresh Favorite Iradukunda |
| author_sort | Oluwabunmi Ogungbe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Stillbirths and associated outcomes remain a significant concern in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with approximately 41% of global stillbirths.Design Our cross-sectional analysis included a weighted sample of women aged 15–49 years who had given birth or experienced stillbirth.Setting Sub-Saharan African Countries.The main outcome measures Determinants of stillbirth among women in 29 SSA countries.Result Among a sample of 197 328, stillbirth prevalence was 8.4/1000 live births. Among individual-level factors, the risk increased with age. Higher maternal educational levels were significantly associated with decreased stillbirth risk (aOR=0.62, 95%CI: 0.44 to 0.89, higher versus no education). Single women had significantly lower odds of stillbirth compared with those who no longer lived together or were separated from their partners (aOR=0.38, 95%CI: 0.25 to 0.60). Contextually, women with a job had an increased risk compared with women without a job (aOR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.06 to 1.34), and living in a rural residential area was a significant factor (aOR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.13 to 1.50).Conclusion The complex interplay between individual-level and contextual factors continues to influence stillbirth outcomes in SSA. Cross-sector integrative care approaches to maternal and neonatal health are needed to address the multifaceted determinants of stillbirths. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c5d52caf16ef44aaaedeeec134177c2a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
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| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-c5d52caf16ef44aaaedeeec134177c2a2025-08-20T03:29:58ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552025-06-0115610.1136/bmjopen-2024-089371Exploring multilevel determinants of stillbirth: a comprehensive analysis across sub-Saharan African countriesOluwabunmi Ogungbe0Khadijat Adeleye1Yvette Yeboah-Kordieh2Ashley Gresh3Favorite Iradukunda4Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland, USAElaine Marieb College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USAInternal Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USAJohns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland, USAElaine Marieb College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USABackground Stillbirths and associated outcomes remain a significant concern in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with approximately 41% of global stillbirths.Design Our cross-sectional analysis included a weighted sample of women aged 15–49 years who had given birth or experienced stillbirth.Setting Sub-Saharan African Countries.The main outcome measures Determinants of stillbirth among women in 29 SSA countries.Result Among a sample of 197 328, stillbirth prevalence was 8.4/1000 live births. Among individual-level factors, the risk increased with age. Higher maternal educational levels were significantly associated with decreased stillbirth risk (aOR=0.62, 95%CI: 0.44 to 0.89, higher versus no education). Single women had significantly lower odds of stillbirth compared with those who no longer lived together or were separated from their partners (aOR=0.38, 95%CI: 0.25 to 0.60). Contextually, women with a job had an increased risk compared with women without a job (aOR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.06 to 1.34), and living in a rural residential area was a significant factor (aOR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.13 to 1.50).Conclusion The complex interplay between individual-level and contextual factors continues to influence stillbirth outcomes in SSA. Cross-sector integrative care approaches to maternal and neonatal health are needed to address the multifaceted determinants of stillbirths.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/6/e089371.full |
| spellingShingle | Oluwabunmi Ogungbe Khadijat Adeleye Yvette Yeboah-Kordieh Ashley Gresh Favorite Iradukunda Exploring multilevel determinants of stillbirth: a comprehensive analysis across sub-Saharan African countries BMJ Open |
| title | Exploring multilevel determinants of stillbirth: a comprehensive analysis across sub-Saharan African countries |
| title_full | Exploring multilevel determinants of stillbirth: a comprehensive analysis across sub-Saharan African countries |
| title_fullStr | Exploring multilevel determinants of stillbirth: a comprehensive analysis across sub-Saharan African countries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring multilevel determinants of stillbirth: a comprehensive analysis across sub-Saharan African countries |
| title_short | Exploring multilevel determinants of stillbirth: a comprehensive analysis across sub-Saharan African countries |
| title_sort | exploring multilevel determinants of stillbirth a comprehensive analysis across sub saharan african countries |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/6/e089371.full |
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