Sustainable lipid production from Chlorella vulgaris USU1 strain using packed absorption column-derived effluent as carbon source for biomass generation
The global surge in population and economic growth has intensified energy consumption reliant on fossil resources, leading to environmental degradation. Biogas, while offering a renewable alternative, requires CO2 purification. This study addresses the critical knowledge gap in integrated waste-to-v...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Results in Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025014537 |
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| Summary: | The global surge in population and economic growth has intensified energy consumption reliant on fossil resources, leading to environmental degradation. Biogas, while offering a renewable alternative, requires CO2 purification. This study addresses the critical knowledge gap in integrated waste-to-value approaches by investigating the synergistic coupling of biogas purification effluent utilization with Chlorella vulgaris USU1 cultivation for lipid production. This novel integration facilitates simultaneous high-quality biofuel generation and significant CO2 utilization, thereby enabling absorbent regeneration in a closed-loop system. Utilizing packed absorption column-derived effluent (PACDE) containing KHCO3-PZCOO- complex solutions as the nutrient medium, this study systematically optimized cultivation parameters to maximize both biomass production and carbon utilization efficiency. Under optimized conditions (24:0 light intensity, 50-rpm agitation, 0.6 initial absorbance), the system achieved 58.3 % CO2 biofixation efficiency with a maximum biomass concentration of 8.64 g/L. Biochemical characterization revealed a composition of 23 % carbohydrates and 56 % proteins, with the fatty acid profile predominantly comprising palmitic (29.7 %), oleic (27.6 %), and linoleic (24.1 %) acids. Notably, the USU1 strain demonstrated superior lipid accumulation capability with 31.19 % yield, surpassing previously reported values for comparable strains. Economic analysis established favorable metrics with capital costs of IDR 4505/L, operating expenses of IDR 1155/L, and profit gained of IDR 8991/L, yielding a net profit of IDR 3331/L. Mass balance assessment demonstrated valorization of carbon inputs with approximately 2.97 kg CO2 annually while generating 1175 L of lipid-rich microalgae oil and 3745 L of reusable biofertilizer effluent. This research establishes a foundation for scalable and closed-loop carbon capture and utilization technologies with implications for industrial zero-waste implementation and circular bioeconomy paradigms. |
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| ISSN: | 2590-1230 |