Phytochemical Analysis and Chymotrypsin Inhibitory Potential of <i>Galium</i> sp. and <i>Solidago</i> sp. via Effect-Directed HPTLC Bioassay

Chymotrypsin inhibitors were initially considered mainly as anti-nutritional factors. However, the potential for their use as therapeutics has been recognized, particularly in the control of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory processes. The search for new, effective, and safe chymo...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bartosz Rył, Izabela Jasicka-Misiak
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Molecules
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/13/2746
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850115934857986048
author Bartosz Rył
Izabela Jasicka-Misiak
author_facet Bartosz Rył
Izabela Jasicka-Misiak
author_sort Bartosz Rył
collection DOAJ
description Chymotrypsin inhibitors were initially considered mainly as anti-nutritional factors. However, the potential for their use as therapeutics has been recognized, particularly in the control of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory processes. The search for new, effective, and safe chymotrypsin inhibitors has become important not only for food and feed safety reasons, but also in the search for new compounds with potential for use in the pharmaceutical industry. Oxidative stress is also an integral etiological factor in the development of the aforementioned pathological conditions. Antioxidants supplied with food can have an impact on reducing the probability of developing these diseases. Herbaceous plants are a valuable reservoir of biologically active chemical compounds, which can show both inhibitory effects against a number of enzymatic reactions and have antioxidant activity. The compounds found within them are also often characterized by higher bioavailability and safety than their synthetic analogs. In the present study, phytochemical characterization of plant materials <i>Galium aparine</i> L., <i>Galium verum</i> L., <i>Solidago virgaurea</i> L. and <i>Solidago canadensis</i> L. was performed, in order to search for new, potential substances with chymotrypsin inhibitor and antioxidant properties. Antioxidant and inhibitory activities against chymotrypsin were determined using effect-directed HPTLC. The total content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids and antioxidant activity were also determined in UV-Vis spectrophotometric tests. Both plant species showed antioxidant and chymotrypsin inhibitory activity. Among the methanol and methanol:water extracts, the extracts from <i>Solidago</i> sp. showed stronger inhibitory and antioxidant activity. However, in the case of dichloromethane extracts, <i>Galium aparine</i> inhibited chymotrypsin activity in a stronger manner than <i>Solidago</i> sp. The results indicate the application potential of compounds obtained from these plants as chymotrypsin inhibitors and antioxidant agents.
format Article
id doaj-art-c5b1b8ef48bf435c9f61df4bf38fc018
institution OA Journals
issn 1420-3049
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Molecules
spelling doaj-art-c5b1b8ef48bf435c9f61df4bf38fc0182025-08-20T02:36:27ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-06-013013274610.3390/molecules30132746Phytochemical Analysis and Chymotrypsin Inhibitory Potential of <i>Galium</i> sp. and <i>Solidago</i> sp. via Effect-Directed HPTLC BioassayBartosz Rył0Izabela Jasicka-Misiak1Institute of Chemistry, University of Opole, 48 Oleska Str., 45-052 Opole, PolandInstitute of Chemistry, University of Opole, 48 Oleska Str., 45-052 Opole, PolandChymotrypsin inhibitors were initially considered mainly as anti-nutritional factors. However, the potential for their use as therapeutics has been recognized, particularly in the control of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory processes. The search for new, effective, and safe chymotrypsin inhibitors has become important not only for food and feed safety reasons, but also in the search for new compounds with potential for use in the pharmaceutical industry. Oxidative stress is also an integral etiological factor in the development of the aforementioned pathological conditions. Antioxidants supplied with food can have an impact on reducing the probability of developing these diseases. Herbaceous plants are a valuable reservoir of biologically active chemical compounds, which can show both inhibitory effects against a number of enzymatic reactions and have antioxidant activity. The compounds found within them are also often characterized by higher bioavailability and safety than their synthetic analogs. In the present study, phytochemical characterization of plant materials <i>Galium aparine</i> L., <i>Galium verum</i> L., <i>Solidago virgaurea</i> L. and <i>Solidago canadensis</i> L. was performed, in order to search for new, potential substances with chymotrypsin inhibitor and antioxidant properties. Antioxidant and inhibitory activities against chymotrypsin were determined using effect-directed HPTLC. The total content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids and antioxidant activity were also determined in UV-Vis spectrophotometric tests. Both plant species showed antioxidant and chymotrypsin inhibitory activity. Among the methanol and methanol:water extracts, the extracts from <i>Solidago</i> sp. showed stronger inhibitory and antioxidant activity. However, in the case of dichloromethane extracts, <i>Galium aparine</i> inhibited chymotrypsin activity in a stronger manner than <i>Solidago</i> sp. The results indicate the application potential of compounds obtained from these plants as chymotrypsin inhibitors and antioxidant agents.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/13/2746HPTLC-DPPH<sup>•</sup>HPTLC-chymotrypsin inhibitionantioxidant activity<i>Galium aparine</i> L.<i>Galium verum</i> L.<i>Solidago virgaurea</i> L.
spellingShingle Bartosz Rył
Izabela Jasicka-Misiak
Phytochemical Analysis and Chymotrypsin Inhibitory Potential of <i>Galium</i> sp. and <i>Solidago</i> sp. via Effect-Directed HPTLC Bioassay
Molecules
HPTLC-DPPH<sup>•</sup>
HPTLC-chymotrypsin inhibition
antioxidant activity
<i>Galium aparine</i> L.
<i>Galium verum</i> L.
<i>Solidago virgaurea</i> L.
title Phytochemical Analysis and Chymotrypsin Inhibitory Potential of <i>Galium</i> sp. and <i>Solidago</i> sp. via Effect-Directed HPTLC Bioassay
title_full Phytochemical Analysis and Chymotrypsin Inhibitory Potential of <i>Galium</i> sp. and <i>Solidago</i> sp. via Effect-Directed HPTLC Bioassay
title_fullStr Phytochemical Analysis and Chymotrypsin Inhibitory Potential of <i>Galium</i> sp. and <i>Solidago</i> sp. via Effect-Directed HPTLC Bioassay
title_full_unstemmed Phytochemical Analysis and Chymotrypsin Inhibitory Potential of <i>Galium</i> sp. and <i>Solidago</i> sp. via Effect-Directed HPTLC Bioassay
title_short Phytochemical Analysis and Chymotrypsin Inhibitory Potential of <i>Galium</i> sp. and <i>Solidago</i> sp. via Effect-Directed HPTLC Bioassay
title_sort phytochemical analysis and chymotrypsin inhibitory potential of i galium i sp and i solidago i sp via effect directed hptlc bioassay
topic HPTLC-DPPH<sup>•</sup>
HPTLC-chymotrypsin inhibition
antioxidant activity
<i>Galium aparine</i> L.
<i>Galium verum</i> L.
<i>Solidago virgaurea</i> L.
url https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/13/2746
work_keys_str_mv AT bartoszrył phytochemicalanalysisandchymotrypsininhibitorypotentialofigaliumispandisolidagoispviaeffectdirectedhptlcbioassay
AT izabelajasickamisiak phytochemicalanalysisandchymotrypsininhibitorypotentialofigaliumispandisolidagoispviaeffectdirectedhptlcbioassay