Scaling Out Community Conservation Initiatives: Experts Identify Economic and Social Benefits, Compatibility With Needs, and External Support as Key

ABSTRACT Community‐based natural resource management is a common strategy for conserving biodiversity, but little is known about how such initiatives can scale appropriately and widely. We interviewed 80 experts across 5 widely adopted community‐based initiatives (in Chile, Nepal, Namibia, Madagasca...

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Main Authors: Morena Mills, Marie V. Touchon, Elisa Denis, Sarah Milligan, Yasmeen Zuffetti, Zara Ahmad, Zoya Husain, Sushma Shrestha Sangat, Stefan Gelcich, Selma Lendelvo, Bharati Pathak, Alifereti Tawake, Michael B. Mascia, Solofo Nandrianina Ralaimihoatra, Thomas Pienkowski, Matthew Clark, Arundhati Jagadish
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-05-01
Series:Conservation Letters
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13100
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Summary:ABSTRACT Community‐based natural resource management is a common strategy for conserving biodiversity, but little is known about how such initiatives can scale appropriately and widely. We interviewed 80 experts across 5 widely adopted community‐based initiatives (in Chile, Nepal, Namibia, Madagascar, and Fiji) to understand their perspectives on the drivers of adoption and spread. We used general elimination methodology and diffusion of innovation theory to identify and rule out possible explanations. Factors consistently considered influential were economic and social benefits, compatibility with needs, support and facilitation by extension agencies, and the presence of international organizations. Initiatives aiming to scale should be designed to be flexible and aligned with adopters’ needs, and external organizations should coordinate resources for scaling out. Dependence on external support underscores the need for quality assistance, good practices by external actors, and understanding power relations and fairness, as well as the need to temper donor and policy expectations of scaling beyond supported and appropriate sites.
ISSN:1755-263X