Sources of PM2.5 Oxidative Potential during Haze and Non-haze Seasons in Chiang Mai, Thailand
Abstract Dithiothreitol (DTT) assay is an acellular technique used to investigate the oxidative potential (OP) of chemical substances bound on PM, which may potentially lead to oxidative stress after exposure. In this study, the source contributions of 16 high priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.230030 |
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| author | Pitakchon Ponsawansong Tippawan Prapamontol Kittipan Rerkasem Somporn Chantara Kraichat Tantrakarnapa Sawaeng Kawichai Guoxing Li Cao Fang Xiaochuan Pan Yanlin Zhang |
| author_facet | Pitakchon Ponsawansong Tippawan Prapamontol Kittipan Rerkasem Somporn Chantara Kraichat Tantrakarnapa Sawaeng Kawichai Guoxing Li Cao Fang Xiaochuan Pan Yanlin Zhang |
| author_sort | Pitakchon Ponsawansong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Dithiothreitol (DTT) assay is an acellular technique used to investigate the oxidative potential (OP) of chemical substances bound on PM, which may potentially lead to oxidative stress after exposure. In this study, the source contributions of 16 high priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), and 10 species of water-soluble inorganic ions bound on PM2.5 and their OP were investigated using DTT assay. The 24-hr ambient PM2.5 samples were collected throughout 2018–2019 and the analyzed OP was compared during haze episodes, which generally occurs in the dry season, and non-haze rainy season in the Chiang Mai-Lamphun basin. During haze episodes, DTTv activity was positively correlated with 4–5 rings PAHs including fluoranthene (Fla) pyrene (Pyr), benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), chrysene (Chr), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF) and benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF) with coefficient ranging from 0.327 to 0.545, p = 0.002 to 0.009 (Pearson’s correlation). Inorganic ions, particularly NH4+, SO42−, and NO3−, which are the tracers of secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA), were positively correlated with DTTv activity (r = 0.394 to 0.659. p = 0.000 to 0.047; Spearman’s correlation). Positive matrix factorization (PMF) indicated the biomass burning factor had the highest contribution (57.9%) to PM2.5 during haze episodes, followed by SIA (26.2%), and vehicle exhausts (7.8%). Furthermore, multiple linear regression (MLR) showed that biomass burning was the highest contributor to DTTv (43.0%). These results suggest that during haze episodes, higher levels of PM2.5 and its chemical compositions play a crucial role on OP, particularly DTTv activity, which may induce oxidative stress in human body. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c56e1bbb7b34497198d5216222463029 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
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| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-c56e1bbb7b34497198d52162224630292025-02-09T12:22:58ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092023-07-01231011710.4209/aaqr.230030Sources of PM2.5 Oxidative Potential during Haze and Non-haze Seasons in Chiang Mai, ThailandPitakchon Ponsawansong0Tippawan Prapamontol1Kittipan Rerkasem2Somporn Chantara3Kraichat Tantrakarnapa4Sawaeng Kawichai5Guoxing Li6Cao Fang7Xiaochuan Pan8Yanlin Zhang9Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai UniversityResearch Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai UniversityResearch Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai UniversityDepartment of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol UniversityResearch Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai UniversityDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking UniversityYale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking UniversityYale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyAbstract Dithiothreitol (DTT) assay is an acellular technique used to investigate the oxidative potential (OP) of chemical substances bound on PM, which may potentially lead to oxidative stress after exposure. In this study, the source contributions of 16 high priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), and 10 species of water-soluble inorganic ions bound on PM2.5 and their OP were investigated using DTT assay. The 24-hr ambient PM2.5 samples were collected throughout 2018–2019 and the analyzed OP was compared during haze episodes, which generally occurs in the dry season, and non-haze rainy season in the Chiang Mai-Lamphun basin. During haze episodes, DTTv activity was positively correlated with 4–5 rings PAHs including fluoranthene (Fla) pyrene (Pyr), benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), chrysene (Chr), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF) and benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF) with coefficient ranging from 0.327 to 0.545, p = 0.002 to 0.009 (Pearson’s correlation). Inorganic ions, particularly NH4+, SO42−, and NO3−, which are the tracers of secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA), were positively correlated with DTTv activity (r = 0.394 to 0.659. p = 0.000 to 0.047; Spearman’s correlation). Positive matrix factorization (PMF) indicated the biomass burning factor had the highest contribution (57.9%) to PM2.5 during haze episodes, followed by SIA (26.2%), and vehicle exhausts (7.8%). Furthermore, multiple linear regression (MLR) showed that biomass burning was the highest contributor to DTTv (43.0%). These results suggest that during haze episodes, higher levels of PM2.5 and its chemical compositions play a crucial role on OP, particularly DTTv activity, which may induce oxidative stress in human body.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.230030Air pollutionBiomass burningDithiothreitol assayOxidative potentialParticulate matter |
| spellingShingle | Pitakchon Ponsawansong Tippawan Prapamontol Kittipan Rerkasem Somporn Chantara Kraichat Tantrakarnapa Sawaeng Kawichai Guoxing Li Cao Fang Xiaochuan Pan Yanlin Zhang Sources of PM2.5 Oxidative Potential during Haze and Non-haze Seasons in Chiang Mai, Thailand Aerosol and Air Quality Research Air pollution Biomass burning Dithiothreitol assay Oxidative potential Particulate matter |
| title | Sources of PM2.5 Oxidative Potential during Haze and Non-haze Seasons in Chiang Mai, Thailand |
| title_full | Sources of PM2.5 Oxidative Potential during Haze and Non-haze Seasons in Chiang Mai, Thailand |
| title_fullStr | Sources of PM2.5 Oxidative Potential during Haze and Non-haze Seasons in Chiang Mai, Thailand |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sources of PM2.5 Oxidative Potential during Haze and Non-haze Seasons in Chiang Mai, Thailand |
| title_short | Sources of PM2.5 Oxidative Potential during Haze and Non-haze Seasons in Chiang Mai, Thailand |
| title_sort | sources of pm2 5 oxidative potential during haze and non haze seasons in chiang mai thailand |
| topic | Air pollution Biomass burning Dithiothreitol assay Oxidative potential Particulate matter |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.230030 |
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