Ventilation Design of an Extra-Long Single-Bore Double-Track Railway Tunnel with High Traffic Density
Harmful gases produced by diesel locomotives tend to accumulate within tunnels, posing risks such as dizziness, vomiting, coma, and even death to the working staff, particularly in long tunnels with high traffic density. As the number of such structures increases, ventilation in extra-long tunnels r...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/13/4009 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849704245166604288 |
|---|---|
| author | Xiaohan Chen Sanxiang Sun Jianyun Wu Tianyang Ling Lei Li Xianwei Shi Haifu Yang |
| author_facet | Xiaohan Chen Sanxiang Sun Jianyun Wu Tianyang Ling Lei Li Xianwei Shi Haifu Yang |
| author_sort | Xiaohan Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Harmful gases produced by diesel locomotives tend to accumulate within tunnels, posing risks such as dizziness, vomiting, coma, and even death to the working staff, particularly in long tunnels with high traffic density. As the number of such structures increases, ventilation in extra-long tunnels represents a critical challenge within the engineering area. In this study, the ventilation of an extra-long single-bore double-track tunnel operating with diesel locomotives is investigated. Through scale model tests and based on the inspection sensor data, the natural diffusion patterns of harmful gases under various operating conditions were elucidated. Based on the local resistance coefficient optimization theory and numerical simulations, the ventilation shafts of the tunnel were optimally designed, and an overall ventilation scheme was developed. The ventilation effect of the tunnel was verified through improved scale model tests. The results show that harmful gases primarily diffuse towards the higher elevation tunnel entrance, with only gases near the lower entrance escaping from it. Under the same operating conditions, NO<sub>2</sub> diffuses more slowly than CO, making it harder to discharge. Applying the local resistance coefficient optimization theory, the inclined and vertical shafts of the tunnel can be effectively optimized. The optimized ventilation shafts, coupled with jet fans, can reduce harmful gas concentrations below safety limits within one minute. The methodologies and findings presented here can offer valuable guidance for the ventilation design of similar infrastructures. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c561690637c44c5a8dcb53eaad24c140 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-c561690637c44c5a8dcb53eaad24c1402025-08-20T03:16:50ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-06-012513400910.3390/s25134009Ventilation Design of an Extra-Long Single-Bore Double-Track Railway Tunnel with High Traffic DensityXiaohan Chen0Sanxiang Sun1Jianyun Wu2Tianyang Ling3Lei Li4Xianwei Shi5Haifu Yang6School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaSchool of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaSchool of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaGuangzhou Municipal Housing Development and Transportation Bureau in Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, ChinaChina Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710043, ChinaChina Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710043, ChinaChina Railway 18th Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300222, ChinaHarmful gases produced by diesel locomotives tend to accumulate within tunnels, posing risks such as dizziness, vomiting, coma, and even death to the working staff, particularly in long tunnels with high traffic density. As the number of such structures increases, ventilation in extra-long tunnels represents a critical challenge within the engineering area. In this study, the ventilation of an extra-long single-bore double-track tunnel operating with diesel locomotives is investigated. Through scale model tests and based on the inspection sensor data, the natural diffusion patterns of harmful gases under various operating conditions were elucidated. Based on the local resistance coefficient optimization theory and numerical simulations, the ventilation shafts of the tunnel were optimally designed, and an overall ventilation scheme was developed. The ventilation effect of the tunnel was verified through improved scale model tests. The results show that harmful gases primarily diffuse towards the higher elevation tunnel entrance, with only gases near the lower entrance escaping from it. Under the same operating conditions, NO<sub>2</sub> diffuses more slowly than CO, making it harder to discharge. Applying the local resistance coefficient optimization theory, the inclined and vertical shafts of the tunnel can be effectively optimized. The optimized ventilation shafts, coupled with jet fans, can reduce harmful gas concentrations below safety limits within one minute. The methodologies and findings presented here can offer valuable guidance for the ventilation design of similar infrastructures.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/13/4009railway tunneldiesel locomotivessingle-bore double-track tunnelventilation designscale model test |
| spellingShingle | Xiaohan Chen Sanxiang Sun Jianyun Wu Tianyang Ling Lei Li Xianwei Shi Haifu Yang Ventilation Design of an Extra-Long Single-Bore Double-Track Railway Tunnel with High Traffic Density Sensors railway tunnel diesel locomotives single-bore double-track tunnel ventilation design scale model test |
| title | Ventilation Design of an Extra-Long Single-Bore Double-Track Railway Tunnel with High Traffic Density |
| title_full | Ventilation Design of an Extra-Long Single-Bore Double-Track Railway Tunnel with High Traffic Density |
| title_fullStr | Ventilation Design of an Extra-Long Single-Bore Double-Track Railway Tunnel with High Traffic Density |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ventilation Design of an Extra-Long Single-Bore Double-Track Railway Tunnel with High Traffic Density |
| title_short | Ventilation Design of an Extra-Long Single-Bore Double-Track Railway Tunnel with High Traffic Density |
| title_sort | ventilation design of an extra long single bore double track railway tunnel with high traffic density |
| topic | railway tunnel diesel locomotives single-bore double-track tunnel ventilation design scale model test |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/13/4009 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xiaohanchen ventilationdesignofanextralongsingleboredoubletrackrailwaytunnelwithhightrafficdensity AT sanxiangsun ventilationdesignofanextralongsingleboredoubletrackrailwaytunnelwithhightrafficdensity AT jianyunwu ventilationdesignofanextralongsingleboredoubletrackrailwaytunnelwithhightrafficdensity AT tianyangling ventilationdesignofanextralongsingleboredoubletrackrailwaytunnelwithhightrafficdensity AT leili ventilationdesignofanextralongsingleboredoubletrackrailwaytunnelwithhightrafficdensity AT xianweishi ventilationdesignofanextralongsingleboredoubletrackrailwaytunnelwithhightrafficdensity AT haifuyang ventilationdesignofanextralongsingleboredoubletrackrailwaytunnelwithhightrafficdensity |