Comparison of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Rates in Dogs Undergoing Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) Using Perioperative Versus Peri- and Postoperative Antimicrobial Prophylaxis
(1) Background: Postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) is controversial. We evaluated the effect of perioperative antibiotic administration on the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) and bone healing in dogs that underwent TPLO procedu...
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2025-03-01
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| author | Lucrezia Di Filippo Amanda Bianchi Andrea Paolini Umberto Maggiolini Gert W. Niebauer Francesco Collivignarelli Roberto Tamburro |
| author_facet | Lucrezia Di Filippo Amanda Bianchi Andrea Paolini Umberto Maggiolini Gert W. Niebauer Francesco Collivignarelli Roberto Tamburro |
| author_sort | Lucrezia Di Filippo |
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| description | (1) Background: Postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) is controversial. We evaluated the effect of perioperative antibiotic administration on the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) and bone healing in dogs that underwent TPLO procedures and compared this protocol with cases that received prolonged postoperative antibiotic treatment. (2) Methods: Two different antibiotic treatment protocols were used. In group A, cefazolin (22 mg/kg IV) was administered preoperatively 30–60 min before skin incision and repeated every 90–120 min intraoperatively. Antimicrobial prophylaxis was extended in the postoperative period with oral cefazolin (22 mg/kg BID) for 10 days after surgery. In group B, dogs only received perioperative treatment, at the same dose used in group A. Dogs were considered to have SSI in cases of incisional drainage, wound dehiscence, positive bacterial culture, or evidence of radiographic signs of infection. (3) Results: In group A, SSI was observed in 3/61 TPLOs (4.9%). In group B, SSI was present in 3/51 TPLOs (5.9%). There was no difference between the two groups. (4) Conclusions: Our results indicate that perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in TPLO procedures is sufficient to maintain overall low rates of SSI. The incidence of SSI was similarly low compared to the rate observed in dogs that also received postoperative antibiotic treatment. |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-c510834d511c41b886dafdc62d057a972025-08-20T01:49:53ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812025-03-0112325810.3390/vetsci12030258Comparison of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Rates in Dogs Undergoing Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) Using Perioperative Versus Peri- and Postoperative Antimicrobial ProphylaxisLucrezia Di Filippo0Amanda Bianchi1Andrea Paolini2Umberto Maggiolini3Gert W. Niebauer4Francesco Collivignarelli5Roberto Tamburro6Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP18, 8, Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP18, 8, Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP18, 8, Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP18, 8, Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP18, 8, Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP18, 8, Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP18, 8, Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy(1) Background: Postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) is controversial. We evaluated the effect of perioperative antibiotic administration on the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) and bone healing in dogs that underwent TPLO procedures and compared this protocol with cases that received prolonged postoperative antibiotic treatment. (2) Methods: Two different antibiotic treatment protocols were used. In group A, cefazolin (22 mg/kg IV) was administered preoperatively 30–60 min before skin incision and repeated every 90–120 min intraoperatively. Antimicrobial prophylaxis was extended in the postoperative period with oral cefazolin (22 mg/kg BID) for 10 days after surgery. In group B, dogs only received perioperative treatment, at the same dose used in group A. Dogs were considered to have SSI in cases of incisional drainage, wound dehiscence, positive bacterial culture, or evidence of radiographic signs of infection. (3) Results: In group A, SSI was observed in 3/61 TPLOs (4.9%). In group B, SSI was present in 3/51 TPLOs (5.9%). There was no difference between the two groups. (4) Conclusions: Our results indicate that perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in TPLO procedures is sufficient to maintain overall low rates of SSI. The incidence of SSI was similarly low compared to the rate observed in dogs that also received postoperative antibiotic treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/3/258TPLOantimicrobial prophylaxisantibiotic resistancesurgical site infectiondog |
| spellingShingle | Lucrezia Di Filippo Amanda Bianchi Andrea Paolini Umberto Maggiolini Gert W. Niebauer Francesco Collivignarelli Roberto Tamburro Comparison of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Rates in Dogs Undergoing Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) Using Perioperative Versus Peri- and Postoperative Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Veterinary Sciences TPLO antimicrobial prophylaxis antibiotic resistance surgical site infection dog |
| title | Comparison of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Rates in Dogs Undergoing Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) Using Perioperative Versus Peri- and Postoperative Antimicrobial Prophylaxis |
| title_full | Comparison of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Rates in Dogs Undergoing Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) Using Perioperative Versus Peri- and Postoperative Antimicrobial Prophylaxis |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Rates in Dogs Undergoing Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) Using Perioperative Versus Peri- and Postoperative Antimicrobial Prophylaxis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Rates in Dogs Undergoing Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) Using Perioperative Versus Peri- and Postoperative Antimicrobial Prophylaxis |
| title_short | Comparison of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Rates in Dogs Undergoing Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) Using Perioperative Versus Peri- and Postoperative Antimicrobial Prophylaxis |
| title_sort | comparison of surgical site infection ssi rates in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy tplo using perioperative versus peri and postoperative antimicrobial prophylaxis |
| topic | TPLO antimicrobial prophylaxis antibiotic resistance surgical site infection dog |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/3/258 |
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