Exploring fatty acid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease: the key role of CPT1A

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease, and the most common type of dementia, with symptoms of progressive cognitive dysfunction and behavioral impairment. Studying the pathogenesis of AD and exploring new targets for the prevention and treatment of AD is a very wort...

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Main Authors: Yanxiu Ju, Songtao Li, Xiangyi Kong, Qing Zhao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-12-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82999-z
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author Yanxiu Ju
Songtao Li
Xiangyi Kong
Qing Zhao
author_facet Yanxiu Ju
Songtao Li
Xiangyi Kong
Qing Zhao
author_sort Yanxiu Ju
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease, and the most common type of dementia, with symptoms of progressive cognitive dysfunction and behavioral impairment. Studying the pathogenesis of AD and exploring new targets for the prevention and treatment of AD is a very worthwhile challenge. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the effects of fatty acid metabolism on AD. In this study, fatty acid metabolism was used as an entry point to understand the pathogenesis of AD and identify new targets. After identifying differentially expressed genes, multiple machine learning algorithms, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 A (CPT1A) was identified as the key gene for fatty acid metabolism in AD. Further single nucleus RNA sequencing analysis were performed, and the GSEA results showed that the fatty acid β-oxidation pathway was enriched only in astrocytes, and the fatty acid β-oxidation pathway was down-regulated in the AD astrocytes compared to the CN astrocytes, while CPT1A was specifically downregulated in astrocytes of AD, which was confirmed in vitro experiment subsequently, and decreased expression level of CPT1A would lead to abnormal lipid metabolism, which shapes astrocyte reactivity and injury, neuroinflammatory, and thus affects AD pathogenesis. Our findings report the involvement of CPT1A in AD. We confirm that the primary role of astrocytes for fatty acid β-oxidation, and CPT1A is localized in astrocytes. Downregulated CPT1A could be a novel potential target for the prevention and treatment of AD. Our study provides strong evidence for the involvement of fatty acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of AD.
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spelling doaj-art-c4e9535fcfdc46458a0ddd091ce61db62025-08-20T02:39:34ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-12-0114111810.1038/s41598-024-82999-zExploring fatty acid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease: the key role of CPT1AYanxiu Ju0Songtao Li1Xiangyi Kong2Qing Zhao3Department of Neurology, Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityKey Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery of Jilin Province, Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityAbstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease, and the most common type of dementia, with symptoms of progressive cognitive dysfunction and behavioral impairment. Studying the pathogenesis of AD and exploring new targets for the prevention and treatment of AD is a very worthwhile challenge. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the effects of fatty acid metabolism on AD. In this study, fatty acid metabolism was used as an entry point to understand the pathogenesis of AD and identify new targets. After identifying differentially expressed genes, multiple machine learning algorithms, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 A (CPT1A) was identified as the key gene for fatty acid metabolism in AD. Further single nucleus RNA sequencing analysis were performed, and the GSEA results showed that the fatty acid β-oxidation pathway was enriched only in astrocytes, and the fatty acid β-oxidation pathway was down-regulated in the AD astrocytes compared to the CN astrocytes, while CPT1A was specifically downregulated in astrocytes of AD, which was confirmed in vitro experiment subsequently, and decreased expression level of CPT1A would lead to abnormal lipid metabolism, which shapes astrocyte reactivity and injury, neuroinflammatory, and thus affects AD pathogenesis. Our findings report the involvement of CPT1A in AD. We confirm that the primary role of astrocytes for fatty acid β-oxidation, and CPT1A is localized in astrocytes. Downregulated CPT1A could be a novel potential target for the prevention and treatment of AD. Our study provides strong evidence for the involvement of fatty acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of AD.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82999-z
spellingShingle Yanxiu Ju
Songtao Li
Xiangyi Kong
Qing Zhao
Exploring fatty acid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease: the key role of CPT1A
Scientific Reports
title Exploring fatty acid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease: the key role of CPT1A
title_full Exploring fatty acid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease: the key role of CPT1A
title_fullStr Exploring fatty acid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease: the key role of CPT1A
title_full_unstemmed Exploring fatty acid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease: the key role of CPT1A
title_short Exploring fatty acid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease: the key role of CPT1A
title_sort exploring fatty acid metabolism in alzheimer s disease the key role of cpt1a
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82999-z
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AT songtaoli exploringfattyacidmetabolisminalzheimersdiseasethekeyroleofcpt1a
AT xiangyikong exploringfattyacidmetabolisminalzheimersdiseasethekeyroleofcpt1a
AT qingzhao exploringfattyacidmetabolisminalzheimersdiseasethekeyroleofcpt1a