Occurrence and profiles of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in paired urine and feces of humans, cats, and dogs

We determined glyphosate and its degradation product, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in paired urine and feces of humans (N = 14), cats (N = 10) and dogs (N = 21). The geometric mean (GM) concentrations of ∑Gly (sum of glyphosate and AMPA) in urine of humans, cats, and dogs were 0.89, 33.2, and...

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Main Authors: Zhong-Min Li, HuiHo Jeong, Kurunthachalam Kannan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:Environment International
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041202500248X
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author Zhong-Min Li
HuiHo Jeong
Kurunthachalam Kannan
author_facet Zhong-Min Li
HuiHo Jeong
Kurunthachalam Kannan
author_sort Zhong-Min Li
collection DOAJ
description We determined glyphosate and its degradation product, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in paired urine and feces of humans (N = 14), cats (N = 10) and dogs (N = 21). The geometric mean (GM) concentrations of ∑Gly (sum of glyphosate and AMPA) in urine of humans, cats, and dogs were 0.89, 33.2, and 8.38 ng/mL, respectively, whereas those in corresponding feces were 304, 1290, and 424 ng/g dry weight (dw), respectively. The concentrations of glyphosate and AMPA were positively correlated in both urine and feces (R: 0.64–0.79, p < 0.001), indicating co-exposure to these chemicals. Furthermore, the target analyte concentrations measured in paired urine and feces were significantly correlated (R: 0.72–0.75, p < 0.001). The fecal excretion rates of ∑Gly (GM: 130–3350 ng/kg body weight (BW)/day) in humans and pets were 4–7 times higher than the corresponding urinary excretion rates (GM: 20.9–930 ng/kg BW/day), emphasizing that glyphosate and AMPA are predominantly excreted in feces. The cumulative daily intakes (CDI) of glyphosate and AMPA were estimated based on urinary and fecal excretion rates. The GM CDI of ∑Gly were 170, 4840, and 2410 ng/kg BW/day for humans, cats, and dogs, respectively, which were at least two orders of magnitude below the acceptable daily intake (ADI) of glyphosate (0.5 mg/kg BW/day). This study provides an important insight into exposure to and excretion of glyphosate in humans and companion animals.
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spelling doaj-art-c4e18e81d4da45b8913a6d40a0ad81032025-08-20T02:55:56ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202025-05-0119910949710.1016/j.envint.2025.109497Occurrence and profiles of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in paired urine and feces of humans, cats, and dogsZhong-Min Li0HuiHo Jeong1Kurunthachalam Kannan2Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12237, United StatesWadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12237, United StatesWadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12237, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Integrated Health Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, NY 12237, United States; Corresponding author.We determined glyphosate and its degradation product, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in paired urine and feces of humans (N = 14), cats (N = 10) and dogs (N = 21). The geometric mean (GM) concentrations of ∑Gly (sum of glyphosate and AMPA) in urine of humans, cats, and dogs were 0.89, 33.2, and 8.38 ng/mL, respectively, whereas those in corresponding feces were 304, 1290, and 424 ng/g dry weight (dw), respectively. The concentrations of glyphosate and AMPA were positively correlated in both urine and feces (R: 0.64–0.79, p < 0.001), indicating co-exposure to these chemicals. Furthermore, the target analyte concentrations measured in paired urine and feces were significantly correlated (R: 0.72–0.75, p < 0.001). The fecal excretion rates of ∑Gly (GM: 130–3350 ng/kg body weight (BW)/day) in humans and pets were 4–7 times higher than the corresponding urinary excretion rates (GM: 20.9–930 ng/kg BW/day), emphasizing that glyphosate and AMPA are predominantly excreted in feces. The cumulative daily intakes (CDI) of glyphosate and AMPA were estimated based on urinary and fecal excretion rates. The GM CDI of ∑Gly were 170, 4840, and 2410 ng/kg BW/day for humans, cats, and dogs, respectively, which were at least two orders of magnitude below the acceptable daily intake (ADI) of glyphosate (0.5 mg/kg BW/day). This study provides an important insight into exposure to and excretion of glyphosate in humans and companion animals.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041202500248XGlyphosateAminomethylphosphonic acidUrineFecesHumansBiomonitoring
spellingShingle Zhong-Min Li
HuiHo Jeong
Kurunthachalam Kannan
Occurrence and profiles of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in paired urine and feces of humans, cats, and dogs
Environment International
Glyphosate
Aminomethylphosphonic acid
Urine
Feces
Humans
Biomonitoring
title Occurrence and profiles of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in paired urine and feces of humans, cats, and dogs
title_full Occurrence and profiles of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in paired urine and feces of humans, cats, and dogs
title_fullStr Occurrence and profiles of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in paired urine and feces of humans, cats, and dogs
title_full_unstemmed Occurrence and profiles of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in paired urine and feces of humans, cats, and dogs
title_short Occurrence and profiles of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in paired urine and feces of humans, cats, and dogs
title_sort occurrence and profiles of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in paired urine and feces of humans cats and dogs
topic Glyphosate
Aminomethylphosphonic acid
Urine
Feces
Humans
Biomonitoring
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041202500248X
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