Heterotopic ossification (HO) prophylaxis in total hip arthroplasty (THA): A systematic review of level I and level II evidence since 2000

Introduction: Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a somewhat common occurrence after total hip arthroplasty (THA), particularly with certain approaches. This complication can be detrimental to the success of the surgical outcome. Indomethacin and radiotherapy remain common treatment modalities; however...

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Main Authors: Troy B. Puga, McKenna W. Box, Vincent M. Dieu, Charles R. Marchese, John T. Riehl
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-03-01
Series:Bone Reports
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187225000051
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author Troy B. Puga
McKenna W. Box
Vincent M. Dieu
Charles R. Marchese
John T. Riehl
author_facet Troy B. Puga
McKenna W. Box
Vincent M. Dieu
Charles R. Marchese
John T. Riehl
author_sort Troy B. Puga
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a somewhat common occurrence after total hip arthroplasty (THA), particularly with certain approaches. This complication can be detrimental to the success of the surgical outcome. Indomethacin and radiotherapy remain common treatment modalities; however, no true gold-standard treatment is universally agreed upon. This study aims to evaluate Level I and Level II evidence for treatment practices of HO prophylaxis since 2000. Methods: To evaluate HO prophylaxis in total hip arthroplasty, a search was conducted across MEDLINE/Pubmed, Cochrane, and Embase databases using keywords and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms. Titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility for inclusion criteria. Full texts were screened and included if they met eligibility criteria. Results: HO chemical prophylaxis was more effective than no HO prophylaxis, except for aspirin. Multiple NSAIDs showed equivalence and better side effect profiles than indomethacin. No one superior NSAID was found, and numerous modalities showed efficacy. The most effective dosages of radiation therapy and combination therapy remain unclear. Additionally, both etidronate and salmon calcitonin showed benefit in preventing HO in one study each. Conclusion: Radiation, NSAIDs, and combination therapy all showed efficacy as HO prophylaxis modalities. HO prophylaxis treatment and modalities should be guided upon patient and surgical factors such as surgical approach, side effects and tolerability of modalities, comorbidities, and available facility resources to optimize the prevention of HO.Level of evidence: Level IV Therapeutic.
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spelling doaj-art-c499e40e19934bb59e74b9060a074e1b2025-08-20T02:55:45ZengElsevierBone Reports2352-18722025-03-012410182810.1016/j.bonr.2025.101828Heterotopic ossification (HO) prophylaxis in total hip arthroplasty (THA): A systematic review of level I and level II evidence since 2000Troy B. Puga0McKenna W. Box1Vincent M. Dieu2Charles R. Marchese3John T. Riehl4Department of Orthopaedics, Medical City Denton, Denton, TX, United States of America; Corresponding author at: Medical City Denton, 3535 S I-35, Denton, TX 76210, United States of America.Department of Orthopaedics, Medical City Denton, Denton, TX, United States of AmericaCollege of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of AmericaCollege of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Kansas City, MO, United States of AmericaDepartment of Orthopaedics, Medical City Denton, Denton, TX, United States of AmericaIntroduction: Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a somewhat common occurrence after total hip arthroplasty (THA), particularly with certain approaches. This complication can be detrimental to the success of the surgical outcome. Indomethacin and radiotherapy remain common treatment modalities; however, no true gold-standard treatment is universally agreed upon. This study aims to evaluate Level I and Level II evidence for treatment practices of HO prophylaxis since 2000. Methods: To evaluate HO prophylaxis in total hip arthroplasty, a search was conducted across MEDLINE/Pubmed, Cochrane, and Embase databases using keywords and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms. Titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility for inclusion criteria. Full texts were screened and included if they met eligibility criteria. Results: HO chemical prophylaxis was more effective than no HO prophylaxis, except for aspirin. Multiple NSAIDs showed equivalence and better side effect profiles than indomethacin. No one superior NSAID was found, and numerous modalities showed efficacy. The most effective dosages of radiation therapy and combination therapy remain unclear. Additionally, both etidronate and salmon calcitonin showed benefit in preventing HO in one study each. Conclusion: Radiation, NSAIDs, and combination therapy all showed efficacy as HO prophylaxis modalities. HO prophylaxis treatment and modalities should be guided upon patient and surgical factors such as surgical approach, side effects and tolerability of modalities, comorbidities, and available facility resources to optimize the prevention of HO.Level of evidence: Level IV Therapeutic.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187225000051Heterotopic ossificationProphylaxisTotal hip arthroplastyTreatment
spellingShingle Troy B. Puga
McKenna W. Box
Vincent M. Dieu
Charles R. Marchese
John T. Riehl
Heterotopic ossification (HO) prophylaxis in total hip arthroplasty (THA): A systematic review of level I and level II evidence since 2000
Bone Reports
Heterotopic ossification
Prophylaxis
Total hip arthroplasty
Treatment
title Heterotopic ossification (HO) prophylaxis in total hip arthroplasty (THA): A systematic review of level I and level II evidence since 2000
title_full Heterotopic ossification (HO) prophylaxis in total hip arthroplasty (THA): A systematic review of level I and level II evidence since 2000
title_fullStr Heterotopic ossification (HO) prophylaxis in total hip arthroplasty (THA): A systematic review of level I and level II evidence since 2000
title_full_unstemmed Heterotopic ossification (HO) prophylaxis in total hip arthroplasty (THA): A systematic review of level I and level II evidence since 2000
title_short Heterotopic ossification (HO) prophylaxis in total hip arthroplasty (THA): A systematic review of level I and level II evidence since 2000
title_sort heterotopic ossification ho prophylaxis in total hip arthroplasty tha a systematic review of level i and level ii evidence since 2000
topic Heterotopic ossification
Prophylaxis
Total hip arthroplasty
Treatment
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187225000051
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