Presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in European bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland, 2019–2023
Abstract Background The origin of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains unknown. However, it is likely that the virus spillover occurred from an animal reservoir to humans. Identifying animal species susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for understanding cross-species...
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BMC
2025-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04593-3 |
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| author | Anna Didkowska Víctor Martín-Santander Marlena Wojciechowska Wanda Olech Krzysztof Anusz Antonio Fernández Janine E. Davies Álex Gómez Natacha Peña-Fresneda Maykel Arias Delia Lacasta Aurora Ortín María Dolores Pérez Sergio Villanueva-Saz Diana Marteles |
| author_facet | Anna Didkowska Víctor Martín-Santander Marlena Wojciechowska Wanda Olech Krzysztof Anusz Antonio Fernández Janine E. Davies Álex Gómez Natacha Peña-Fresneda Maykel Arias Delia Lacasta Aurora Ortín María Dolores Pérez Sergio Villanueva-Saz Diana Marteles |
| author_sort | Anna Didkowska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The origin of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains unknown. However, it is likely that the virus spillover occurred from an animal reservoir to humans. Identifying animal species susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for understanding cross-species transmission to humans. This study distinguishes itself by focusing on the susceptibility of the European bison (Bison bonasus), an endangered species, to SARS-CoV-2. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a substantial number (n = 238) of both free-living and captive Polish European bison using an in-house ELISA method and virus neutralization test (VNT). Results The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was found to be 1.29% (3/232). None of the seropositive European bison tested positive in the virus neutralization test. All seropositive animals were part of captive herds. Conclusions This study represents the first report of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in both free-ranging and captive European bison in Poland. Based on these findings, the European bison appears to be a less susceptible species to SARS-CoV-2. The most probable route of transmission was from humans to European bison, as all seropositive animals belonged to captive herds with contact with indirect human sources, such as tourists and keepers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c495879243f145c3b1fa5a7699f6fcf4 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1746-6148 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-c495879243f145c3b1fa5a7699f6fcf42025-08-20T03:03:58ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482025-02-012111710.1186/s12917-025-04593-3Presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in European bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland, 2019–2023Anna Didkowska0Víctor Martín-Santander1Marlena Wojciechowska2Wanda Olech3Krzysztof Anusz4Antonio Fernández5Janine E. Davies6Álex Gómez7Natacha Peña-Fresneda8Maykel Arias9Delia Lacasta10Aurora Ortín11María Dolores Pérez12Sergio Villanueva-Saz13Diana Marteles14Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW)Department of Animal Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of ZaragozaDepartment of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW)Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW)Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW)Department of Animal Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of ZaragozaClinical Immunology Laboratory, Veterinary Faculty, University of ZaragozaDepartment of Animal Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of ZaragozaAragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón)Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón)Department of Animal Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of ZaragozaDepartment of Animal Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of ZaragozaInstituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA)Department of Animal Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of ZaragozaDepartment of Animal Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of ZaragozaAbstract Background The origin of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains unknown. However, it is likely that the virus spillover occurred from an animal reservoir to humans. Identifying animal species susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for understanding cross-species transmission to humans. This study distinguishes itself by focusing on the susceptibility of the European bison (Bison bonasus), an endangered species, to SARS-CoV-2. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a substantial number (n = 238) of both free-living and captive Polish European bison using an in-house ELISA method and virus neutralization test (VNT). Results The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was found to be 1.29% (3/232). None of the seropositive European bison tested positive in the virus neutralization test. All seropositive animals were part of captive herds. Conclusions This study represents the first report of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in both free-ranging and captive European bison in Poland. Based on these findings, the European bison appears to be a less susceptible species to SARS-CoV-2. The most probable route of transmission was from humans to European bison, as all seropositive animals belonged to captive herds with contact with indirect human sources, such as tourists and keepers.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04593-3Bison bonasusELISAPolandSARS-Cov-2SerologyVNT |
| spellingShingle | Anna Didkowska Víctor Martín-Santander Marlena Wojciechowska Wanda Olech Krzysztof Anusz Antonio Fernández Janine E. Davies Álex Gómez Natacha Peña-Fresneda Maykel Arias Delia Lacasta Aurora Ortín María Dolores Pérez Sergio Villanueva-Saz Diana Marteles Presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in European bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland, 2019–2023 BMC Veterinary Research Bison bonasus ELISA Poland SARS-Cov-2 Serology VNT |
| title | Presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in European bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland, 2019–2023 |
| title_full | Presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in European bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland, 2019–2023 |
| title_fullStr | Presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in European bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland, 2019–2023 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in European bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland, 2019–2023 |
| title_short | Presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in European bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland, 2019–2023 |
| title_sort | presence of anti sars cov 2 antibodies in european bison bison bonasus in poland 2019 2023 |
| topic | Bison bonasus ELISA Poland SARS-Cov-2 Serology VNT |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04593-3 |
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