Token Money or Cryptocurrency: technological Content and Economic Essence

The obligatory features of the unit of account are formulated. Distinctive characteristic properties of a set of cryptocalculation units, in particular, subsets of x-type (coin) and y-type (token) calculation units, are revealed. It is proved that these sets do not intersect. It is proposed to alloc...

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Main Author: A. V.  Varnavskiy
Format: Article
Language:Russian
Published: Government of the Russian Federation, Financial University 2018-11-01
Series:Финансы: теория и практика
Subjects:
Online Access:https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/756
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author A. V.  Varnavskiy
author_facet A. V.  Varnavskiy
author_sort A. V.  Varnavskiy
collection DOAJ
description The obligatory features of the unit of account are formulated. Distinctive characteristic properties of a set of cryptocalculation units, in particular, subsets of x-type (coin) and y-type (token) calculation units, are revealed. It is proved that these sets do not intersect. It is proposed to allocate a subset of C 2 in the set of coins, which has an additional characteristic property — functioning on the basis of a smart contract. The thesis that any settlement unit carries the cost of a resource is proved. Even for units of account with the so-called “intrinsic value” (bitcoin), the presence of a resource in its functions was found. Four characteristic properties inherent in the set of “money” (M = {money}) are disclosed and a subset DM = {digital money} is allocated, containing a set of digital Fiat money secured by the state (sets F = {fat}) and a subset P = {private}, which is actually an addition to the set F). It is proved that cryptocurrencies have characteristic properties of the set M = {money} only within their own community. The paradox of the algorithmic guarantor, reflecting the absence of the need for formalization of algorithmic informal institutions, is formulated. Disclosed defnitions of such concepts as “cryptocurrency”, “token economy” and “tokenization economy”. Euler circles are used to visualize the relationship between different sets of calculation units. A coherent classifcation of calculation units based on the characteristic properties of the identifed sets is formed. The results of the study can be used to form the basis of legal regulation of the circulation of digital units of account.
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spelling doaj-art-c493c39e8b5d4fa4b59680a8cde44fda2025-08-20T03:00:44ZrusGovernment of the Russian Federation, Financial UniversityФинансы: теория и практика2587-56712587-70892018-11-0122512214010.26794/2587-5671-2018-22-5-122-140681Token Money or Cryptocurrency: technological Content and Economic EssenceA. V.  Varnavskiy0Financial university, MoscowThe obligatory features of the unit of account are formulated. Distinctive characteristic properties of a set of cryptocalculation units, in particular, subsets of x-type (coin) and y-type (token) calculation units, are revealed. It is proved that these sets do not intersect. It is proposed to allocate a subset of C 2 in the set of coins, which has an additional characteristic property — functioning on the basis of a smart contract. The thesis that any settlement unit carries the cost of a resource is proved. Even for units of account with the so-called “intrinsic value” (bitcoin), the presence of a resource in its functions was found. Four characteristic properties inherent in the set of “money” (M = {money}) are disclosed and a subset DM = {digital money} is allocated, containing a set of digital Fiat money secured by the state (sets F = {fat}) and a subset P = {private}, which is actually an addition to the set F). It is proved that cryptocurrencies have characteristic properties of the set M = {money} only within their own community. The paradox of the algorithmic guarantor, reflecting the absence of the need for formalization of algorithmic informal institutions, is formulated. Disclosed defnitions of such concepts as “cryptocurrency”, “token economy” and “tokenization economy”. Euler circles are used to visualize the relationship between different sets of calculation units. A coherent classifcation of calculation units based on the characteristic properties of the identifed sets is formed. The results of the study can be used to form the basis of legal regulation of the circulation of digital units of account.https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/756cryptocurrencytokencoindigital moneyelectronic moneyunittoken economytokenization of economytheory of setsan array of money
spellingShingle A. V.  Varnavskiy
Token Money or Cryptocurrency: technological Content and Economic Essence
Финансы: теория и практика
cryptocurrency
token
coin
digital money
electronic money
unit
token economy
tokenization of economy
theory of sets
an array of money
title Token Money or Cryptocurrency: technological Content and Economic Essence
title_full Token Money or Cryptocurrency: technological Content and Economic Essence
title_fullStr Token Money or Cryptocurrency: technological Content and Economic Essence
title_full_unstemmed Token Money or Cryptocurrency: technological Content and Economic Essence
title_short Token Money or Cryptocurrency: technological Content and Economic Essence
title_sort token money or cryptocurrency technological content and economic essence
topic cryptocurrency
token
coin
digital money
electronic money
unit
token economy
tokenization of economy
theory of sets
an array of money
url https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/756
work_keys_str_mv AT avvarnavskiy tokenmoneyorcryptocurrencytechnologicalcontentandeconomicessence