Investigating the Adsorption and Corrosion Protection Efficacy and Mechanism of <i>Marjoram</i> Extract on Mild Steel in HCl Medium
In recent years, the anti-corrosive properties of natural extracts as environmentally friendly inhibitors have gained considerable interest. This study evaluates the potential of <i>Marjoram</i> (<i>Origanum majorana</i> L.) essential oil (<i>OML</i>), collected f...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Malika Sabiha Younes Kerroum Maha El Hawary Maria Boudalia Abdelkbir Bellaouchou Othmane Hammani Hatem M. A. Amin |
| author_facet | Malika Sabiha Younes Kerroum Maha El Hawary Maria Boudalia Abdelkbir Bellaouchou Othmane Hammani Hatem M. A. Amin |
| author_sort | Malika Sabiha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent years, the anti-corrosive properties of natural extracts as environmentally friendly inhibitors have gained considerable interest. This study evaluates the potential of <i>Marjoram</i> (<i>Origanum majorana</i> L.) essential oil (<i>OML</i>), collected from Salé, Morocco, as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl medium. The protection performance of <i>OML</i> was assessed using various electrochemical techniques, including potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), as well as the weight loss method. The influence of <i>OML</i> concentration and temperature on the inhibition performance were investigated. <i>OML</i> demonstrated pronounced inhibitory benefits via increasing the corrosion resistance of mild steel in the corrosive HCl solution, thus reducing the corrosion rate to 0.11 mg cm<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> and increasing the inhibition efficiency to 87.1% at an inhibitor concentration of 500 ppm. PDP confirmed that the inhibitor works as a mixed-type inhibitor with cathodic supremacy. EIS revealed that the charge transfer mechanism is the main controlling factor for the corrosion process. The thermodynamic parameters suggested a key role of <i>OML</i> physisorption in inhibition, following the Langmuir isotherm. Importantly, SEM and EDX analyses suggested the formation of a protective layer of the extract onto the steel surface, which shields the surface from corrosive species. This is owed to the functional group-rich phytochemicals of <i>OML</i>. Therefore, the development of bio-based corrosion inhibitors is not only a step towards more eco-friendly industrial practices, but also meets the growing demand for sustainable materials in a world with constrained resources. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c47d1a4f54114d169d212d587a80cc01 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-c47d1a4f54114d169d212d587a80cc012025-01-24T13:43:21ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-01-0130227210.3390/molecules30020272Investigating the Adsorption and Corrosion Protection Efficacy and Mechanism of <i>Marjoram</i> Extract on Mild Steel in HCl MediumMalika Sabiha0Younes Kerroum1Maha El Hawary2Maria Boudalia3Abdelkbir Bellaouchou4Othmane Hammani5Hatem M. A. Amin6Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 1014, MoroccoLaboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 1014, MoroccoLaboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 1014, MoroccoLaboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 1014, MoroccoLaboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 1014, MoroccoFaculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 52202, MoroccoChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, EgyptIn recent years, the anti-corrosive properties of natural extracts as environmentally friendly inhibitors have gained considerable interest. This study evaluates the potential of <i>Marjoram</i> (<i>Origanum majorana</i> L.) essential oil (<i>OML</i>), collected from Salé, Morocco, as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl medium. The protection performance of <i>OML</i> was assessed using various electrochemical techniques, including potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), as well as the weight loss method. The influence of <i>OML</i> concentration and temperature on the inhibition performance were investigated. <i>OML</i> demonstrated pronounced inhibitory benefits via increasing the corrosion resistance of mild steel in the corrosive HCl solution, thus reducing the corrosion rate to 0.11 mg cm<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> and increasing the inhibition efficiency to 87.1% at an inhibitor concentration of 500 ppm. PDP confirmed that the inhibitor works as a mixed-type inhibitor with cathodic supremacy. EIS revealed that the charge transfer mechanism is the main controlling factor for the corrosion process. The thermodynamic parameters suggested a key role of <i>OML</i> physisorption in inhibition, following the Langmuir isotherm. Importantly, SEM and EDX analyses suggested the formation of a protective layer of the extract onto the steel surface, which shields the surface from corrosive species. This is owed to the functional group-rich phytochemicals of <i>OML</i>. Therefore, the development of bio-based corrosion inhibitors is not only a step towards more eco-friendly industrial practices, but also meets the growing demand for sustainable materials in a world with constrained resources.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/272green inhibitorslow-carbon steeladsorptionplant extractessential oilcorrosion inhibition |
| spellingShingle | Malika Sabiha Younes Kerroum Maha El Hawary Maria Boudalia Abdelkbir Bellaouchou Othmane Hammani Hatem M. A. Amin Investigating the Adsorption and Corrosion Protection Efficacy and Mechanism of <i>Marjoram</i> Extract on Mild Steel in HCl Medium Molecules green inhibitors low-carbon steel adsorption plant extract essential oil corrosion inhibition |
| title | Investigating the Adsorption and Corrosion Protection Efficacy and Mechanism of <i>Marjoram</i> Extract on Mild Steel in HCl Medium |
| title_full | Investigating the Adsorption and Corrosion Protection Efficacy and Mechanism of <i>Marjoram</i> Extract on Mild Steel in HCl Medium |
| title_fullStr | Investigating the Adsorption and Corrosion Protection Efficacy and Mechanism of <i>Marjoram</i> Extract on Mild Steel in HCl Medium |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating the Adsorption and Corrosion Protection Efficacy and Mechanism of <i>Marjoram</i> Extract on Mild Steel in HCl Medium |
| title_short | Investigating the Adsorption and Corrosion Protection Efficacy and Mechanism of <i>Marjoram</i> Extract on Mild Steel in HCl Medium |
| title_sort | investigating the adsorption and corrosion protection efficacy and mechanism of i marjoram i extract on mild steel in hcl medium |
| topic | green inhibitors low-carbon steel adsorption plant extract essential oil corrosion inhibition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/272 |
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