Global, regional, and national temporal trends in mortality and disease burden of nasopharyngeal carcinoma attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2021 and predictions to 2040
Introduction Smoking is a major environmental risk factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the global burden and epidemiological trends of NPC attributable to smoking remain unclear. Methods Data were obtained from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study. A comprehensive analysis was conduct...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
European Publishing
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Tobacco Induced Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tobaccoinduceddiseases.org/Global-regional-and-national-temporal-trends-in-mortality-and-disease-burden-of-nasopharyngeal,204742,0,2.html |
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| Summary: | Introduction
Smoking is a major environmental risk factor for nasopharyngeal
carcinoma (NPC), but the global burden and epidemiological trends of NPC
attributable to smoking remain unclear.
Methods
Data were obtained from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study. A
comprehensive analysis was conducted on mortality, years lived with disability
(YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable
to NPC attributable to smoking. Clustering analysis was applied to evaluate the
variation patterns across 21 regions. The NORDPRED age-period-cohort model
was used for prediction.
Results
In 2021, there were 13410 deaths globally from NPC attributable to smoking,
10031 YLDs, 1379583 YLLs, and 389614 DALYs. The disease burden was most
severe in Asia. Males bore a significantly higher burden than females, mainly
concentrated in middle-aged and older populations. From 1990 to 2021, although
the number of cases increased, ASRs showed a marked decline, particularly among
females and in regions with both high and low sociodemographic index (SDI)
levels. Regional analyses revealed significant reductions of the disease burden in
Australasia and Western Europe. The 21 regions were divided into 4 groups based
on changes in mortality, representing distinct variation patterns. Projections from
2022 to 2040 indicate that, while the total number of deaths and disease burden
is expected to rise, ASRs are anticipated to decline except YLDs.
Conclusions
Smoking contributes significantly to the disease burden of NPC,
posing a serious threat to public health. Targeted intervention strategies should
be implemented according to the regional clustering results of disease burden. |
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| ISSN: | 1617-9625 |