An Efficient Cluster-Based Mutual Authentication and Key Update Protocol for Secure Internet of Vehicles in 5G Sensor Networks
The Internet of Vehicles (IoV), a key component of smart transportation systems, leverages 5G communication for low-latency data transmission, facilitating real-time interactions between vehicles, roadside units (RSUs), and sensor networks. However, the open nature of 5G communication channels expos...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/1/212 |
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| author | Xinzhong Su Youyun Xu |
| author_facet | Xinzhong Su Youyun Xu |
| author_sort | Xinzhong Su |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Internet of Vehicles (IoV), a key component of smart transportation systems, leverages 5G communication for low-latency data transmission, facilitating real-time interactions between vehicles, roadside units (RSUs), and sensor networks. However, the open nature of 5G communication channels exposes IoV systems to significant security threats, such as eavesdropping, replay attacks, and message tampering. To address these challenges, this paper proposes the Efficient Cluster-based Mutual Authentication and Key Update Protocol (ECAUP) designed to secure IoV systems within 5G-enabled sensor networks. The ECAUP meets the unique mobility and security demands of IoV by enabling fine-grained access control and dynamic key updates for RSUs through a factorial tree structure, ensuring both forward and backward secrecy. Additionally, physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are utilized to provide end-to-end authentication and physical layer security, further enhancing the system’s resilience against sophisticated cyber-attacks. The security of the ECAUP is formally verified using BAN Logic and ProVerif, and a comparative analysis demonstrates its superiority in terms of overhead efficiency (more than 50%) and security features over existing protocols. This work contributes to the development of secure, resilient, and efficient intelligent transportation systems, ensuring robust communication and protection in sensor-based IoV environments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c471de2dc56d42e5b78a300b6227554b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-c471de2dc56d42e5b78a300b6227554b2025-01-10T13:21:15ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-01-0125121210.3390/s25010212An Efficient Cluster-Based Mutual Authentication and Key Update Protocol for Secure Internet of Vehicles in 5G Sensor NetworksXinzhong Su0Youyun Xu1School of Communication and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, ChinaSchool of Communication and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, ChinaThe Internet of Vehicles (IoV), a key component of smart transportation systems, leverages 5G communication for low-latency data transmission, facilitating real-time interactions between vehicles, roadside units (RSUs), and sensor networks. However, the open nature of 5G communication channels exposes IoV systems to significant security threats, such as eavesdropping, replay attacks, and message tampering. To address these challenges, this paper proposes the Efficient Cluster-based Mutual Authentication and Key Update Protocol (ECAUP) designed to secure IoV systems within 5G-enabled sensor networks. The ECAUP meets the unique mobility and security demands of IoV by enabling fine-grained access control and dynamic key updates for RSUs through a factorial tree structure, ensuring both forward and backward secrecy. Additionally, physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are utilized to provide end-to-end authentication and physical layer security, further enhancing the system’s resilience against sophisticated cyber-attacks. The security of the ECAUP is formally verified using BAN Logic and ProVerif, and a comparative analysis demonstrates its superiority in terms of overhead efficiency (more than 50%) and security features over existing protocols. This work contributes to the development of secure, resilient, and efficient intelligent transportation systems, ensuring robust communication and protection in sensor-based IoV environments.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/1/212Internet of Vehiclessecuritymutual authenticationdynamic key updatelow overhead |
| spellingShingle | Xinzhong Su Youyun Xu An Efficient Cluster-Based Mutual Authentication and Key Update Protocol for Secure Internet of Vehicles in 5G Sensor Networks Sensors Internet of Vehicles security mutual authentication dynamic key update low overhead |
| title | An Efficient Cluster-Based Mutual Authentication and Key Update Protocol for Secure Internet of Vehicles in 5G Sensor Networks |
| title_full | An Efficient Cluster-Based Mutual Authentication and Key Update Protocol for Secure Internet of Vehicles in 5G Sensor Networks |
| title_fullStr | An Efficient Cluster-Based Mutual Authentication and Key Update Protocol for Secure Internet of Vehicles in 5G Sensor Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Efficient Cluster-Based Mutual Authentication and Key Update Protocol for Secure Internet of Vehicles in 5G Sensor Networks |
| title_short | An Efficient Cluster-Based Mutual Authentication and Key Update Protocol for Secure Internet of Vehicles in 5G Sensor Networks |
| title_sort | efficient cluster based mutual authentication and key update protocol for secure internet of vehicles in 5g sensor networks |
| topic | Internet of Vehicles security mutual authentication dynamic key update low overhead |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/1/212 |
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