Synthetic biology for medical biomaterials
Abstract After more than 20 years of development, synthetic biology has emerged as an interdisciplinary field that integrates biology, medicine, mathematics, and engineering. By constructing and regulating genetic elements, networks, and pathways, artificially engineered bacteria, cells, or viruses...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley-VCH
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Interdisciplinary Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/INMD.20240087 |
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| author | Tao Xu Xiao‐Yun Huang Jin‐Wei Dao Da Xiao Dai‐Xu Wei |
| author_facet | Tao Xu Xiao‐Yun Huang Jin‐Wei Dao Da Xiao Dai‐Xu Wei |
| author_sort | Tao Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract After more than 20 years of development, synthetic biology has emerged as an interdisciplinary field that integrates biology, medicine, mathematics, and engineering. By constructing and regulating genetic elements, networks, and pathways, artificially engineered bacteria, cells, or viruses can directly interact with the human body to enable disease treatment via synthetic biology. Additionally, synthetic biology platforms have been employed in the production of medical biomaterials (MBMs), indirectly contributing to the maintenance of human health. In this review, we present a range of typical MBMs derived from synthetic biology platforms, including polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, hyaluronic acid, collagen, poly(β‐hydroxybutyrate), poly(β‐malic acid), poly‐γ‐glutamic acid, alginate, chitosan, bacterial cellulose, and antimicrobial peptides. We also introduce the key synthetic biology techniques and tools involved, such as chassis cell design, gene expression regulation and editing tools represented by CRISPRi, metabolic engineering, cell morphology engineering, and cell‐free systems. Furthermore, we summarize recent advancements and strategies including enhancing production and cost‐reduction, biosynthesis of novel materials, regulating material characteristics and diversity, minimizing toxicity in biosynthetic systems, and designing engineered living materials in the research applications and clinical translation of synthetic biology for MBMs. Finally, we discuss emerging trends that may shape the future biomedical applications of synthetic biology. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c461b2dae9384a1e9ef98ddba0468ad3 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2832-6245 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Interdisciplinary Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-c461b2dae9384a1e9ef98ddba0468ad32025-08-20T03:09:24ZengWiley-VCHInterdisciplinary Medicine2832-62452025-07-0134n/an/a10.1002/INMD.20240087Synthetic biology for medical biomaterialsTao Xu0Xiao‐Yun Huang1Jin‐Wei Dao2Da Xiao3Dai‐Xu Wei4School of Clinical Medicine Qujing Medical College Qujing ChinaSchool of Clinical Medicine Qujing Medical College Qujing ChinaDehong Biomedical Engineering Research Center Dehong Normal University Dehong Yunnan ChinaDepartment of Chemical System Engineering School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Bunkyō JapanClinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University Chengdu University Chengdu Sichuan ChinaAbstract After more than 20 years of development, synthetic biology has emerged as an interdisciplinary field that integrates biology, medicine, mathematics, and engineering. By constructing and regulating genetic elements, networks, and pathways, artificially engineered bacteria, cells, or viruses can directly interact with the human body to enable disease treatment via synthetic biology. Additionally, synthetic biology platforms have been employed in the production of medical biomaterials (MBMs), indirectly contributing to the maintenance of human health. In this review, we present a range of typical MBMs derived from synthetic biology platforms, including polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, hyaluronic acid, collagen, poly(β‐hydroxybutyrate), poly(β‐malic acid), poly‐γ‐glutamic acid, alginate, chitosan, bacterial cellulose, and antimicrobial peptides. We also introduce the key synthetic biology techniques and tools involved, such as chassis cell design, gene expression regulation and editing tools represented by CRISPRi, metabolic engineering, cell morphology engineering, and cell‐free systems. Furthermore, we summarize recent advancements and strategies including enhancing production and cost‐reduction, biosynthesis of novel materials, regulating material characteristics and diversity, minimizing toxicity in biosynthetic systems, and designing engineered living materials in the research applications and clinical translation of synthetic biology for MBMs. Finally, we discuss emerging trends that may shape the future biomedical applications of synthetic biology.https://doi.org/10.1002/INMD.20240087biomaterialsengineered living materialsmedicinesynthetic biologytissue engineering |
| spellingShingle | Tao Xu Xiao‐Yun Huang Jin‐Wei Dao Da Xiao Dai‐Xu Wei Synthetic biology for medical biomaterials Interdisciplinary Medicine biomaterials engineered living materials medicine synthetic biology tissue engineering |
| title | Synthetic biology for medical biomaterials |
| title_full | Synthetic biology for medical biomaterials |
| title_fullStr | Synthetic biology for medical biomaterials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthetic biology for medical biomaterials |
| title_short | Synthetic biology for medical biomaterials |
| title_sort | synthetic biology for medical biomaterials |
| topic | biomaterials engineered living materials medicine synthetic biology tissue engineering |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/INMD.20240087 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT taoxu syntheticbiologyformedicalbiomaterials AT xiaoyunhuang syntheticbiologyformedicalbiomaterials AT jinweidao syntheticbiologyformedicalbiomaterials AT daxiao syntheticbiologyformedicalbiomaterials AT daixuwei syntheticbiologyformedicalbiomaterials |