Relationship between dietary flavan-3-ols intake and mortality in metabolic syndrome population; a large cohort study
BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a global health concern linked to increased mortality. Diets rich in plant-derived compounds, such as polyphenols, have shown potential health benefits for MetS. Among these, flavan-3-ols, a class of commonly occurring polyphenolic compounds, are known for thei...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1572189/full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849731190818340864 |
|---|---|
| author | Wanjia Zhang Qian Zhou Weiqing Yang Xiaoqin Tan Yin Xu Zhan Yi |
| author_facet | Wanjia Zhang Qian Zhou Weiqing Yang Xiaoqin Tan Yin Xu Zhan Yi |
| author_sort | Wanjia Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a global health concern linked to increased mortality. Diets rich in plant-derived compounds, such as polyphenols, have shown potential health benefits for MetS. Among these, flavan-3-ols, a class of commonly occurring polyphenolic compounds, are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, we hypothesize that flavan-3-ols intake is negatively associated with mortality risk in MetS population.MethodsThis study analyzed NHANES data (2007–2008, 2009–2010, and 2017–2018). Flavan-3-ol and monomer intake were obtained from the USDA Flavonoid and FNDDS databases. Associations with mortality were assessed using Cox regression, survival differences were compared using Kaplan–Meier curves, and non-linear trends were examined using restricted cubic splines. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential effect modifications.ResultsOver a median follow-up period of 114 months, 1,856 participants survived, while 329 deaths were recorded. In Model 3, participants in the highest tertile (T3) of flavan-3-ol intake exhibited a 33% lower risk of all-cause mortality compared to those in the lowest tertile (T1) (HR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.49–0.92). For monomers, the hazard ratios ranged from 0.55 for higher levels of epigallocatechin to 0.71 for higher levels of gallocatechin. Kaplan–Meier curves indicated significant differences in survival status across dietary flavan-3-ol intake groups. However, no association was found between flavan-3-ol intake and cardiovascular mortality risk. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis did not reveal any non-linear relationship, and no significant interaction effects were observed in the subgroup analysis.ConclusionHigher dietary intake of flavan-3-ols is negatively associated with mortality risk in MetS population. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c414e336065a4f92a97f2e4d05293438 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-c414e336065a4f92a97f2e4d052934382025-08-20T03:08:37ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-04-011210.3389/fnut.2025.15721891572189Relationship between dietary flavan-3-ols intake and mortality in metabolic syndrome population; a large cohort studyWanjia Zhang0Qian Zhou1Weiqing Yang2Xiaoqin Tan3Yin Xu4Zhan Yi5Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaGraduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaGraduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaGraduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaXiangxing College, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaBackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a global health concern linked to increased mortality. Diets rich in plant-derived compounds, such as polyphenols, have shown potential health benefits for MetS. Among these, flavan-3-ols, a class of commonly occurring polyphenolic compounds, are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, we hypothesize that flavan-3-ols intake is negatively associated with mortality risk in MetS population.MethodsThis study analyzed NHANES data (2007–2008, 2009–2010, and 2017–2018). Flavan-3-ol and monomer intake were obtained from the USDA Flavonoid and FNDDS databases. Associations with mortality were assessed using Cox regression, survival differences were compared using Kaplan–Meier curves, and non-linear trends were examined using restricted cubic splines. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential effect modifications.ResultsOver a median follow-up period of 114 months, 1,856 participants survived, while 329 deaths were recorded. In Model 3, participants in the highest tertile (T3) of flavan-3-ol intake exhibited a 33% lower risk of all-cause mortality compared to those in the lowest tertile (T1) (HR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.49–0.92). For monomers, the hazard ratios ranged from 0.55 for higher levels of epigallocatechin to 0.71 for higher levels of gallocatechin. Kaplan–Meier curves indicated significant differences in survival status across dietary flavan-3-ol intake groups. However, no association was found between flavan-3-ol intake and cardiovascular mortality risk. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis did not reveal any non-linear relationship, and no significant interaction effects were observed in the subgroup analysis.ConclusionHigher dietary intake of flavan-3-ols is negatively associated with mortality risk in MetS population.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1572189/fullflavan-3-olsmetabolic syndromemortalityNHANEScohort studyflavan-3-ol monomers |
| spellingShingle | Wanjia Zhang Qian Zhou Weiqing Yang Xiaoqin Tan Yin Xu Zhan Yi Relationship between dietary flavan-3-ols intake and mortality in metabolic syndrome population; a large cohort study Frontiers in Nutrition flavan-3-ols metabolic syndrome mortality NHANES cohort study flavan-3-ol monomers |
| title | Relationship between dietary flavan-3-ols intake and mortality in metabolic syndrome population; a large cohort study |
| title_full | Relationship between dietary flavan-3-ols intake and mortality in metabolic syndrome population; a large cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Relationship between dietary flavan-3-ols intake and mortality in metabolic syndrome population; a large cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationship between dietary flavan-3-ols intake and mortality in metabolic syndrome population; a large cohort study |
| title_short | Relationship between dietary flavan-3-ols intake and mortality in metabolic syndrome population; a large cohort study |
| title_sort | relationship between dietary flavan 3 ols intake and mortality in metabolic syndrome population a large cohort study |
| topic | flavan-3-ols metabolic syndrome mortality NHANES cohort study flavan-3-ol monomers |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1572189/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wanjiazhang relationshipbetweendietaryflavan3olsintakeandmortalityinmetabolicsyndromepopulationalargecohortstudy AT qianzhou relationshipbetweendietaryflavan3olsintakeandmortalityinmetabolicsyndromepopulationalargecohortstudy AT weiqingyang relationshipbetweendietaryflavan3olsintakeandmortalityinmetabolicsyndromepopulationalargecohortstudy AT xiaoqintan relationshipbetweendietaryflavan3olsintakeandmortalityinmetabolicsyndromepopulationalargecohortstudy AT yinxu relationshipbetweendietaryflavan3olsintakeandmortalityinmetabolicsyndromepopulationalargecohortstudy AT zhanyi relationshipbetweendietaryflavan3olsintakeandmortalityinmetabolicsyndromepopulationalargecohortstudy |