Apigenin as an emerging hepatoprotective agent: current status and future perspectives
Apigenin (C15H10O5, API) is a natural flavonoid widely found in vegetables, fruits, and plants such as celery, oranges, and chamomile. In recent years, API has attracted considerable attention as a dietary supplement due to its low toxicity, non-mutagenic properties and remarkable therapeutic effica...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1508060/full |
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| _version_ | 1850250576526311424 |
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| author | Cheng Wang Cheng Wang Xiaoli Feng Xiaoli Feng Wen Li Wen Li Li Chen Li Chen Xinming Wang Xinming Wang Yimiao Lan Yimiao Lan Rong Tang Ting Jiang Ting Jiang Lingli Zheng Lingli Zheng Gang Liu Gang Liu |
| author_facet | Cheng Wang Cheng Wang Xiaoli Feng Xiaoli Feng Wen Li Wen Li Li Chen Li Chen Xinming Wang Xinming Wang Yimiao Lan Yimiao Lan Rong Tang Ting Jiang Ting Jiang Lingli Zheng Lingli Zheng Gang Liu Gang Liu |
| author_sort | Cheng Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Apigenin (C15H10O5, API) is a natural flavonoid widely found in vegetables, fruits, and plants such as celery, oranges, and chamomile. In recent years, API has attracted considerable attention as a dietary supplement due to its low toxicity, non-mutagenic properties and remarkable therapeutic efficacy in various diseases. In particular, evidence from a large number of preclinical studies suggests that API has promising effects in the prevention and treatment of a variety of liver diseases, including multifactorial liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis and liver cancer. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the progress of research into the therapeutic applications of API in liver diseases as of August 2024, based on literature retrieved from databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, CNKI, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. The hepatoprotective effects of API involve multiple molecular mechanisms, including inhibition of inflammation, alleviation of hepatic oxidative stress, amelioration of insulin resistance, promotion of fatty acid oxidation, inhibition of liver cancer cell proliferation and differentiation, and induction of tumour cell apoptosis. More importantly, signaling pathways such as Nrf2, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NLRP3, Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β1/Smad3, AMPK/SREBP, PPARα/γ, MAPKs, and Caspases are identified as key targets through which API exerts its beneficial effects in various liver diseases. Studies on its toxicity and pharmacokinetics indicate that API has low toxicity, is slowly metabolized and excreted in vivo, and has low oral bioavailability. In addition, the paper summarises and discusses the sources, physicochemical properties, new dosage forms, and current challenges and opportunities of API, with the aim of providing direction and rationale for the further development and clinical application of API in the food, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical fields. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c40123bd4e664808bd13c63763aa1707 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj-art-c40123bd4e664808bd13c63763aa17072025-08-20T01:58:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122024-12-011510.3389/fphar.2024.15080601508060Apigenin as an emerging hepatoprotective agent: current status and future perspectivesCheng Wang0Cheng Wang1Xiaoli Feng2Xiaoli Feng3Wen Li4Wen Li5Li Chen6Li Chen7Xinming Wang8Xinming Wang9Yimiao Lan10Yimiao Lan11Rong Tang12Ting Jiang13Ting Jiang14Lingli Zheng15Lingli Zheng16Gang Liu17Gang Liu18School of Clinical Medical, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Clinical Medical, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Clinical Medical, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Clinical Medical, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Clinical Medical, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Clinical Medical, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Clinical Medical, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Clinical Medical, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Clinical Medical, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, ChinaApigenin (C15H10O5, API) is a natural flavonoid widely found in vegetables, fruits, and plants such as celery, oranges, and chamomile. In recent years, API has attracted considerable attention as a dietary supplement due to its low toxicity, non-mutagenic properties and remarkable therapeutic efficacy in various diseases. In particular, evidence from a large number of preclinical studies suggests that API has promising effects in the prevention and treatment of a variety of liver diseases, including multifactorial liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis and liver cancer. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the progress of research into the therapeutic applications of API in liver diseases as of August 2024, based on literature retrieved from databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, CNKI, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. The hepatoprotective effects of API involve multiple molecular mechanisms, including inhibition of inflammation, alleviation of hepatic oxidative stress, amelioration of insulin resistance, promotion of fatty acid oxidation, inhibition of liver cancer cell proliferation and differentiation, and induction of tumour cell apoptosis. More importantly, signaling pathways such as Nrf2, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NLRP3, Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β1/Smad3, AMPK/SREBP, PPARα/γ, MAPKs, and Caspases are identified as key targets through which API exerts its beneficial effects in various liver diseases. Studies on its toxicity and pharmacokinetics indicate that API has low toxicity, is slowly metabolized and excreted in vivo, and has low oral bioavailability. In addition, the paper summarises and discusses the sources, physicochemical properties, new dosage forms, and current challenges and opportunities of API, with the aim of providing direction and rationale for the further development and clinical application of API in the food, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical fields.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1508060/fullapigeninliver diseasehepatoprotectiontoxicitypharmacokineticsnew formulations |
| spellingShingle | Cheng Wang Cheng Wang Xiaoli Feng Xiaoli Feng Wen Li Wen Li Li Chen Li Chen Xinming Wang Xinming Wang Yimiao Lan Yimiao Lan Rong Tang Ting Jiang Ting Jiang Lingli Zheng Lingli Zheng Gang Liu Gang Liu Apigenin as an emerging hepatoprotective agent: current status and future perspectives Frontiers in Pharmacology apigenin liver disease hepatoprotection toxicity pharmacokinetics new formulations |
| title | Apigenin as an emerging hepatoprotective agent: current status and future perspectives |
| title_full | Apigenin as an emerging hepatoprotective agent: current status and future perspectives |
| title_fullStr | Apigenin as an emerging hepatoprotective agent: current status and future perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Apigenin as an emerging hepatoprotective agent: current status and future perspectives |
| title_short | Apigenin as an emerging hepatoprotective agent: current status and future perspectives |
| title_sort | apigenin as an emerging hepatoprotective agent current status and future perspectives |
| topic | apigenin liver disease hepatoprotection toxicity pharmacokinetics new formulations |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1508060/full |
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