Home-use transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as a safe, effective, and feasible application in depression: A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Introduction: Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) alleviates depression symptoms and enhances cognitive functions in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. Previously, these outcomes were demonstrated primarily in clinica...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tuba Aktürk, Mehmet Yücel Ağargün, Sümeyye Özdemir, Esra Dalmızrak, Bahar Güntekin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-04-01
Series:Journal of Affective Disorders Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666915325000320
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849310443108040704
author Tuba Aktürk
Mehmet Yücel Ağargün
Sümeyye Özdemir
Esra Dalmızrak
Bahar Güntekin
author_facet Tuba Aktürk
Mehmet Yücel Ağargün
Sümeyye Özdemir
Esra Dalmızrak
Bahar Güntekin
author_sort Tuba Aktürk
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) alleviates depression symptoms and enhances cognitive functions in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. Previously, these outcomes were demonstrated primarily in clinical or laboratory settings through randomized placebo-controlled trials. Our objective was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of asynchronously supervised, home-use tDCS on both mood and cognition in MDD patients, within a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Method: Twenty MDD patients were randomized into active (N = 11) and sham (N = 9) tDCS groups. The protocol entailed daily 30-minute sessions at 2 mA with the anode over the left-DLPFC and the cathode over the right-DLPFC, conducted five days a week for three weeks. Sham stimulation consisted of a brief 30-second interval between 10-second ramp-up and down periods. After initial training, patients were administered tDCS at home and were evaluated using depression-related questionnaires and cognitive tests at baseline and post-intervention. Adherence and tolerance were asynchronously monitored via a remote supervision platform. Results: High tolerability (adverse-event incidence rate of 0.63 %) and strong adherence (an average of 14.45 out of 15 sessions completed) were observed for home-use tDCS. The active group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in depression scores (BDI-II) and in cognitive performance (Digit Span tests), compared to the sham group, which received placebo treatment with the same protocol. Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrate that home-use tDCS is feasible, safe and might be effective for patients with depression, offering a more accessible and cost-effective approach to neuromodulation treatments in mental health.
format Article
id doaj-art-c3eeebacbd2443aea2a7c9411c460094
institution Kabale University
issn 2666-9153
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Journal of Affective Disorders Reports
spelling doaj-art-c3eeebacbd2443aea2a7c9411c4600942025-08-20T03:53:43ZengElsevierJournal of Affective Disorders Reports2666-91532025-04-012010090210.1016/j.jadr.2025.100902Home-use transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as a safe, effective, and feasible application in depression: A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trialTuba Aktürk0Mehmet Yücel Ağargün1Sümeyye Özdemir2Esra Dalmızrak3Bahar Güntekin4Program of Electroneurophysiology, Vocational School, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey; Neuroscience Research Center, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey; Section Brain Stimulation and Cognition, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Corresponding author at: Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, TurkeyNeuroscience Research Center, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, TurkeyNeuroscience Research Center, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, TurkeyIntroduction: Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) alleviates depression symptoms and enhances cognitive functions in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. Previously, these outcomes were demonstrated primarily in clinical or laboratory settings through randomized placebo-controlled trials. Our objective was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of asynchronously supervised, home-use tDCS on both mood and cognition in MDD patients, within a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Method: Twenty MDD patients were randomized into active (N = 11) and sham (N = 9) tDCS groups. The protocol entailed daily 30-minute sessions at 2 mA with the anode over the left-DLPFC and the cathode over the right-DLPFC, conducted five days a week for three weeks. Sham stimulation consisted of a brief 30-second interval between 10-second ramp-up and down periods. After initial training, patients were administered tDCS at home and were evaluated using depression-related questionnaires and cognitive tests at baseline and post-intervention. Adherence and tolerance were asynchronously monitored via a remote supervision platform. Results: High tolerability (adverse-event incidence rate of 0.63 %) and strong adherence (an average of 14.45 out of 15 sessions completed) were observed for home-use tDCS. The active group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in depression scores (BDI-II) and in cognitive performance (Digit Span tests), compared to the sham group, which received placebo treatment with the same protocol. Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrate that home-use tDCS is feasible, safe and might be effective for patients with depression, offering a more accessible and cost-effective approach to neuromodulation treatments in mental health.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666915325000320Non-invasive brain stimulationTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), Home-use neuromodulationHome-use tDCSMajor depressive disorder (MDD)
spellingShingle Tuba Aktürk
Mehmet Yücel Ağargün
Sümeyye Özdemir
Esra Dalmızrak
Bahar Güntekin
Home-use transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as a safe, effective, and feasible application in depression: A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Journal of Affective Disorders Reports
Non-invasive brain stimulation
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), Home-use neuromodulation
Home-use tDCS
Major depressive disorder (MDD)
title Home-use transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as a safe, effective, and feasible application in depression: A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial
title_full Home-use transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as a safe, effective, and feasible application in depression: A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial
title_fullStr Home-use transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as a safe, effective, and feasible application in depression: A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial
title_full_unstemmed Home-use transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as a safe, effective, and feasible application in depression: A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial
title_short Home-use transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as a safe, effective, and feasible application in depression: A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial
title_sort home use transcranial direct current stimulation tdcs as a safe effective and feasible application in depression a randomized single blind placebo controlled trial
topic Non-invasive brain stimulation
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), Home-use neuromodulation
Home-use tDCS
Major depressive disorder (MDD)
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666915325000320
work_keys_str_mv AT tubaakturk homeusetranscranialdirectcurrentstimulationtdcsasasafeeffectiveandfeasibleapplicationindepressionarandomizedsingleblindplacebocontrolledtrial
AT mehmetyucelagargun homeusetranscranialdirectcurrentstimulationtdcsasasafeeffectiveandfeasibleapplicationindepressionarandomizedsingleblindplacebocontrolledtrial
AT sumeyyeozdemir homeusetranscranialdirectcurrentstimulationtdcsasasafeeffectiveandfeasibleapplicationindepressionarandomizedsingleblindplacebocontrolledtrial
AT esradalmızrak homeusetranscranialdirectcurrentstimulationtdcsasasafeeffectiveandfeasibleapplicationindepressionarandomizedsingleblindplacebocontrolledtrial
AT baharguntekin homeusetranscranialdirectcurrentstimulationtdcsasasafeeffectiveandfeasibleapplicationindepressionarandomizedsingleblindplacebocontrolledtrial