Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and related risk and protective factors in Black individuals in Canada
BackgroundData from the United States showed that Black individuals face unique issues related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, Canadian research on OCD among Black individuals remains very limited. The present study aims to document obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms and related ris...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1422900/full |
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| author | Elisabeth Dromer Elisabeth Dromer Grace Jacob Grace Jacob Monnica T. Williams Monnica T. Williams Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Moshirian Farahi Wina Darius Wina Darius Cary Samuel Kogan Cary Samuel Kogan Jude Mary Cénat Jude Mary Cénat |
| author_facet | Elisabeth Dromer Elisabeth Dromer Grace Jacob Grace Jacob Monnica T. Williams Monnica T. Williams Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Moshirian Farahi Wina Darius Wina Darius Cary Samuel Kogan Cary Samuel Kogan Jude Mary Cénat Jude Mary Cénat |
| author_sort | Elisabeth Dromer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundData from the United States showed that Black individuals face unique issues related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, Canadian research on OCD among Black individuals remains very limited. The present study aims to document obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms and related risk and protective factors in Black individuals aged 15 to 40 years old in Canada.MethodsA total of 860 Black individuals (75.6% female) aged 15–40 years were recruited as part of the Black Community Mental Health in Canada (BcoMHealth) project. Independent t-tests, ANOVA, and multivariable linear regressions were used to assess OC symptom severity and identify risk and protective factors.ResultsBlack individuals presented high levels of OC symptoms. Results showed that Black individuals born in Canada experienced more OC symptoms compared to those born abroad. Results also showed that there were no differences between Black women, Black men, and those who identified their sex as “other.” Everyday discrimination, internalized racism, and microaggressions positively predicted OC symptoms, while social support negatively predicted OC symptoms.LimitationsLimitations of this study include its cross-sectional nature, which prevents us from establishing causal links, not assessing for the clinical diagnosis of OCD, and using self-report measures. Results support that different forms of racial discrimination contribute to the development and severity of OC symptoms in Black individuals in Canada. Social support may play a protective role for those individuals. These factors must be considered in future research and in the assessment and treatment of Black individuals with OCD. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c3e2f008293645ae87472c2fd7dc8621 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj-art-c3e2f008293645ae87472c2fd7dc86212025-08-20T03:16:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782025-03-011610.3389/fpsyg.2025.14229001422900Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and related risk and protective factors in Black individuals in CanadaElisabeth Dromer0Elisabeth Dromer1Grace Jacob2Grace Jacob3Monnica T. Williams4Monnica T. Williams5Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Moshirian Farahi6Wina Darius7Wina Darius8Cary Samuel Kogan9Cary Samuel Kogan10Jude Mary Cénat11Jude Mary Cénat12Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaSchool of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaInterdisciplinary Centre for Black Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaSchool of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaInterdisciplinary Centre for Black Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, CanadaDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, CanadaSchool of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaSchool of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaInterdisciplinary Centre for Black Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaSchool of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaInterdisciplinary Centre for Black Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaSchool of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaBackgroundData from the United States showed that Black individuals face unique issues related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, Canadian research on OCD among Black individuals remains very limited. The present study aims to document obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms and related risk and protective factors in Black individuals aged 15 to 40 years old in Canada.MethodsA total of 860 Black individuals (75.6% female) aged 15–40 years were recruited as part of the Black Community Mental Health in Canada (BcoMHealth) project. Independent t-tests, ANOVA, and multivariable linear regressions were used to assess OC symptom severity and identify risk and protective factors.ResultsBlack individuals presented high levels of OC symptoms. Results showed that Black individuals born in Canada experienced more OC symptoms compared to those born abroad. Results also showed that there were no differences between Black women, Black men, and those who identified their sex as “other.” Everyday discrimination, internalized racism, and microaggressions positively predicted OC symptoms, while social support negatively predicted OC symptoms.LimitationsLimitations of this study include its cross-sectional nature, which prevents us from establishing causal links, not assessing for the clinical diagnosis of OCD, and using self-report measures. Results support that different forms of racial discrimination contribute to the development and severity of OC symptoms in Black individuals in Canada. Social support may play a protective role for those individuals. These factors must be considered in future research and in the assessment and treatment of Black individuals with OCD.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1422900/fullobsessive-compulsive disordereveryday racial discriminationinternalized racismracial microaggressionssocial supportBlack individuals in Canada |
| spellingShingle | Elisabeth Dromer Elisabeth Dromer Grace Jacob Grace Jacob Monnica T. Williams Monnica T. Williams Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Moshirian Farahi Wina Darius Wina Darius Cary Samuel Kogan Cary Samuel Kogan Jude Mary Cénat Jude Mary Cénat Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and related risk and protective factors in Black individuals in Canada Frontiers in Psychology obsessive-compulsive disorder everyday racial discrimination internalized racism racial microaggressions social support Black individuals in Canada |
| title | Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and related risk and protective factors in Black individuals in Canada |
| title_full | Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and related risk and protective factors in Black individuals in Canada |
| title_fullStr | Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and related risk and protective factors in Black individuals in Canada |
| title_full_unstemmed | Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and related risk and protective factors in Black individuals in Canada |
| title_short | Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and related risk and protective factors in Black individuals in Canada |
| title_sort | obsessive compulsive symptoms and related risk and protective factors in black individuals in canada |
| topic | obsessive-compulsive disorder everyday racial discrimination internalized racism racial microaggressions social support Black individuals in Canada |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1422900/full |
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