Qualitative evaluation of the feasibility of a national whole-school program for reducing school violence and improving school climate in Chile

IntroductionGlobally, school violence has increased since the return to in-person classes following the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Since then, this indicator has become critical, especially in Latin American countries. In this context, the Chilean Ministry of Education, with the support of 17 unive...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Verónica López, Claudia Carrasco-Aguilar, Pamela Jervis, Javier Torres-Vallejos, María Teresa Ramírez, Juan Pablo Álvarez González, Amanda Franulic
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Education
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2025.1471235/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850277950391320576
author Verónica López
Claudia Carrasco-Aguilar
Pamela Jervis
Javier Torres-Vallejos
María Teresa Ramírez
Juan Pablo Álvarez González
Amanda Franulic
author_facet Verónica López
Claudia Carrasco-Aguilar
Pamela Jervis
Javier Torres-Vallejos
María Teresa Ramírez
Juan Pablo Álvarez González
Amanda Franulic
author_sort Verónica López
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionGlobally, school violence has increased since the return to in-person classes following the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Since then, this indicator has become critical, especially in Latin American countries. In this context, the Chilean Ministry of Education, with the support of 17 universities, began in 2022 the design and implementation of a comprehensive educational reactivation policy. This policy included a focus on school climate (convivencia escolar) and mental health through a nationwide intervention program now called the Learning to Live Together Program (Programa A Convivir se Aprende), designed using a whole-school approach.MethodsThis study presents the results of a large-scale qualitative evaluation of the initial feasibility of the program, framed in a mixed-methods design. The evaluation identified schools with high, intermediate, and low initial acceptability of the program through 66 interviews and focus groups with 215 participants, including school members, representatives from the Ministry of Education, and university advisors.ResultsThe reflexive thematic analysis identified four categories featuring six dimensions, 95 codes, and 3,040 textual quotes. The results show a positive acceptance of the program, with high adherence and commitment from the schools. The most highly valued aspects of the program were the conceptual model based on a whole-school approach, the possibility of working with universities in their territories, and school climate networks that were viewed as professional learning communities. Recommendations for future implementation of the program relate to longer implementation time, incorporating actions to promote mental health, expanding participation in the management of school climate, and greater presence of the ministry.DiscussionWe discuss these findings in relation to the program’s theory of change, suggesting that the program can achieve its goal of improving school staffs’ skills and competencies in managing school climate and reducing school violence, especially through the strategy of school climate networks by means of capacity building, shared reflexive processes, and emphasis on data-driven decision making.
format Article
id doaj-art-c3d9068d43704c26866b95c2425a3d9a
institution OA Journals
issn 2504-284X
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Education
spelling doaj-art-c3d9068d43704c26866b95c2425a3d9a2025-08-20T01:49:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Education2504-284X2025-03-011010.3389/feduc.2025.14712351471235Qualitative evaluation of the feasibility of a national whole-school program for reducing school violence and improving school climate in ChileVerónica López0Claudia Carrasco-Aguilar1Pamela Jervis2Javier Torres-Vallejos3María Teresa Ramírez4Juan Pablo Álvarez González5Amanda Franulic6Escuela de Psicología, Centro de Investigación para la Educación Inclusiva, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, ChileDepartment of Industrial Engineering University of Chile, Institute for Research in Market Imperfections and Public Policy, Institute for Fiscal Studies, Santiago, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Sociales y Comunicaciones, Universidad Santo Tomas, Santiago, ChileMinisterio de Educación de Chile, Santiago, ChileMinisterio de Educación de Chile, Santiago, ChileEscuela de Psicología, Centro de Investigación para la Educación Inclusiva, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, ChileIntroductionGlobally, school violence has increased since the return to in-person classes following the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Since then, this indicator has become critical, especially in Latin American countries. In this context, the Chilean Ministry of Education, with the support of 17 universities, began in 2022 the design and implementation of a comprehensive educational reactivation policy. This policy included a focus on school climate (convivencia escolar) and mental health through a nationwide intervention program now called the Learning to Live Together Program (Programa A Convivir se Aprende), designed using a whole-school approach.MethodsThis study presents the results of a large-scale qualitative evaluation of the initial feasibility of the program, framed in a mixed-methods design. The evaluation identified schools with high, intermediate, and low initial acceptability of the program through 66 interviews and focus groups with 215 participants, including school members, representatives from the Ministry of Education, and university advisors.ResultsThe reflexive thematic analysis identified four categories featuring six dimensions, 95 codes, and 3,040 textual quotes. The results show a positive acceptance of the program, with high adherence and commitment from the schools. The most highly valued aspects of the program were the conceptual model based on a whole-school approach, the possibility of working with universities in their territories, and school climate networks that were viewed as professional learning communities. Recommendations for future implementation of the program relate to longer implementation time, incorporating actions to promote mental health, expanding participation in the management of school climate, and greater presence of the ministry.DiscussionWe discuss these findings in relation to the program’s theory of change, suggesting that the program can achieve its goal of improving school staffs’ skills and competencies in managing school climate and reducing school violence, especially through the strategy of school climate networks by means of capacity building, shared reflexive processes, and emphasis on data-driven decision making.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2025.1471235/fullqualitativeevaluationpostpandemicschool violenceschool climate
spellingShingle Verónica López
Claudia Carrasco-Aguilar
Pamela Jervis
Javier Torres-Vallejos
María Teresa Ramírez
Juan Pablo Álvarez González
Amanda Franulic
Qualitative evaluation of the feasibility of a national whole-school program for reducing school violence and improving school climate in Chile
Frontiers in Education
qualitative
evaluation
postpandemic
school violence
school climate
title Qualitative evaluation of the feasibility of a national whole-school program for reducing school violence and improving school climate in Chile
title_full Qualitative evaluation of the feasibility of a national whole-school program for reducing school violence and improving school climate in Chile
title_fullStr Qualitative evaluation of the feasibility of a national whole-school program for reducing school violence and improving school climate in Chile
title_full_unstemmed Qualitative evaluation of the feasibility of a national whole-school program for reducing school violence and improving school climate in Chile
title_short Qualitative evaluation of the feasibility of a national whole-school program for reducing school violence and improving school climate in Chile
title_sort qualitative evaluation of the feasibility of a national whole school program for reducing school violence and improving school climate in chile
topic qualitative
evaluation
postpandemic
school violence
school climate
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2025.1471235/full
work_keys_str_mv AT veronicalopez qualitativeevaluationofthefeasibilityofanationalwholeschoolprogramforreducingschoolviolenceandimprovingschoolclimateinchile
AT claudiacarrascoaguilar qualitativeevaluationofthefeasibilityofanationalwholeschoolprogramforreducingschoolviolenceandimprovingschoolclimateinchile
AT pamelajervis qualitativeevaluationofthefeasibilityofanationalwholeschoolprogramforreducingschoolviolenceandimprovingschoolclimateinchile
AT javiertorresvallejos qualitativeevaluationofthefeasibilityofanationalwholeschoolprogramforreducingschoolviolenceandimprovingschoolclimateinchile
AT mariateresaramirez qualitativeevaluationofthefeasibilityofanationalwholeschoolprogramforreducingschoolviolenceandimprovingschoolclimateinchile
AT juanpabloalvarezgonzalez qualitativeevaluationofthefeasibilityofanationalwholeschoolprogramforreducingschoolviolenceandimprovingschoolclimateinchile
AT amandafranulic qualitativeevaluationofthefeasibilityofanationalwholeschoolprogramforreducingschoolviolenceandimprovingschoolclimateinchile