Mechanical behavior of coal and rock with central hole defects under eccentric loading conditions
Abstract Coal and rock masses in mining projects are often subjected to varying degrees of eccentric loading. To analyze the effect of eccentric loading on the mechanical properties and damage evolution law of coal and rock containing hole defects, a biaxial compression test of coal and rock with ec...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02810-5 |
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| author | Lina Ge Jiajia Feng Zhixuan Jia Tao Wang |
| author_facet | Lina Ge Jiajia Feng Zhixuan Jia Tao Wang |
| author_sort | Lina Ge |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Coal and rock masses in mining projects are often subjected to varying degrees of eccentric loading. To analyze the effect of eccentric loading on the mechanical properties and damage evolution law of coal and rock containing hole defects, a biaxial compression test of coal and rock with eccentric loading was carried out with the help of PFC particle flow program. The results show that the peak stress of the coal and rock decreases linearly with the increase of the eccentricity coefficient under different circumferential pressures. The dominant crack pattern is influenced by the relative position of the hole defects to the loaded area. When the hole defects are located within the loaded area, the main control cracks formed pass through the hole defects, and when the hole defects are located outside the loaded area, the main control cracks do not pass through the hole defects. The evolution process of the number of microcracks in concrete under uniformly distributed load and eccentric load conditions can be divided into three stages: the calm period in the initial loading stage, the pre peak propagation period from the crack initiation point to the peak point, and the rapid increase period after the peak. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c3a338c01ea044ba9c457b0b0beac9d9 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-c3a338c01ea044ba9c457b0b0beac9d92025-08-20T03:16:50ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-05-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-02810-5Mechanical behavior of coal and rock with central hole defects under eccentric loading conditionsLina Ge0Jiajia Feng1Zhixuan Jia2Tao Wang3School of Vehicle and Transportation Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologySchool of Vehicle and Transportation Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologySchool of Vehicle and Transportation Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologySchool of Safety and Emergency Management Engineering, Taiyuan University of TechnologyAbstract Coal and rock masses in mining projects are often subjected to varying degrees of eccentric loading. To analyze the effect of eccentric loading on the mechanical properties and damage evolution law of coal and rock containing hole defects, a biaxial compression test of coal and rock with eccentric loading was carried out with the help of PFC particle flow program. The results show that the peak stress of the coal and rock decreases linearly with the increase of the eccentricity coefficient under different circumferential pressures. The dominant crack pattern is influenced by the relative position of the hole defects to the loaded area. When the hole defects are located within the loaded area, the main control cracks formed pass through the hole defects, and when the hole defects are located outside the loaded area, the main control cracks do not pass through the hole defects. The evolution process of the number of microcracks in concrete under uniformly distributed load and eccentric load conditions can be divided into three stages: the calm period in the initial loading stage, the pre peak propagation period from the crack initiation point to the peak point, and the rapid increase period after the peak.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02810-5Coal and rockEccentric loadingMechanical behaviorParticle flow |
| spellingShingle | Lina Ge Jiajia Feng Zhixuan Jia Tao Wang Mechanical behavior of coal and rock with central hole defects under eccentric loading conditions Scientific Reports Coal and rock Eccentric loading Mechanical behavior Particle flow |
| title | Mechanical behavior of coal and rock with central hole defects under eccentric loading conditions |
| title_full | Mechanical behavior of coal and rock with central hole defects under eccentric loading conditions |
| title_fullStr | Mechanical behavior of coal and rock with central hole defects under eccentric loading conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanical behavior of coal and rock with central hole defects under eccentric loading conditions |
| title_short | Mechanical behavior of coal and rock with central hole defects under eccentric loading conditions |
| title_sort | mechanical behavior of coal and rock with central hole defects under eccentric loading conditions |
| topic | Coal and rock Eccentric loading Mechanical behavior Particle flow |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02810-5 |
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