‘Start-Up Nation’: The Making and Performativity of an Empty Signifier

The article sheds light on the process of fabrication of a polysemous, ambiguous, and mocking French entrepreneurial expression – the ‘start-up nation’ – construed as an empty signifier. The fabrication of such empty signifiers in the discourses of entrepreneurship and management, what creates them...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Claire Champenois, Delphine Saurier, Élise Béliard
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Association International de Management Stratégique (AIMS) 2025-02-01
Series:M@n@gement
Subjects:
Online Access:https://management-aims.com/index.php/mgmt/article/view/8904/18850
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850196698751565824
author Claire Champenois
Delphine Saurier
Élise Béliard
author_facet Claire Champenois
Delphine Saurier
Élise Béliard
author_sort Claire Champenois
collection DOAJ
description The article sheds light on the process of fabrication of a polysemous, ambiguous, and mocking French entrepreneurial expression – the ‘start-up nation’ – construed as an empty signifier. The fabrication of such empty signifiers in the discourses of entrepreneurship and management, what creates them and what they create, remains little explored questions. This article addresses the following question: how do repeated quotations of an empty signifier enable it to perform entrepreneurship? We trace the circulation of the expression from its first utterance in the political sphere by Emmanuel Macron, then French minister of the economy, through to the media and the scientific sphere, using a communicative analysis of Emmanuel Macron’s speeches (n = 4), press articles (n = 210) and academic productions (n = 30). We show the shifts in meaning and values that take place, in particular the way in which the ‘start-up nation’ takes on denunciatory and pejorative values, and is transformed from a political formula into a pejorative, decontextualized little phrase. Our results enrich the critical literature on management and entrepreneurship, particularly the analysis of the performativity of entrepreneurial discourse. By describing the manufacture of an empty signifier through its circulation in social space, the study reveals the counter-power potential of performativity. The results also highlight the surprising absence of an academic critical dimension.
format Article
id doaj-art-c33ef6cc64a144ebacb8f724515d5d25
institution OA Journals
issn 1286-4692
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher Association International de Management Stratégique (AIMS)
record_format Article
series M@n@gement
spelling doaj-art-c33ef6cc64a144ebacb8f724515d5d252025-08-20T02:13:23ZengAssociation International de Management Stratégique (AIMS)M@n@gement1286-46922025-02-0128172910.37725/mgmt.2024.89048904‘Start-Up Nation’: The Making and Performativity of an Empty SignifierClaire Champenois0Delphine Saurier1Élise Béliard2Département Entrepreneuriat, Stratégie et Innovation, Audencia Business School, Nantes, FranceDépartement Communication, Culture et Langues, Audencia Business School, Nantes, FranceDépartement Communication, Culture et Langues, Audencia Business School, Nantes, FranceThe article sheds light on the process of fabrication of a polysemous, ambiguous, and mocking French entrepreneurial expression – the ‘start-up nation’ – construed as an empty signifier. The fabrication of such empty signifiers in the discourses of entrepreneurship and management, what creates them and what they create, remains little explored questions. This article addresses the following question: how do repeated quotations of an empty signifier enable it to perform entrepreneurship? We trace the circulation of the expression from its first utterance in the political sphere by Emmanuel Macron, then French minister of the economy, through to the media and the scientific sphere, using a communicative analysis of Emmanuel Macron’s speeches (n = 4), press articles (n = 210) and academic productions (n = 30). We show the shifts in meaning and values that take place, in particular the way in which the ‘start-up nation’ takes on denunciatory and pejorative values, and is transformed from a political formula into a pejorative, decontextualized little phrase. Our results enrich the critical literature on management and entrepreneurship, particularly the analysis of the performativity of entrepreneurial discourse. By describing the manufacture of an empty signifier through its circulation in social space, the study reveals the counter-power potential of performativity. The results also highlight the surprising absence of an academic critical dimension.https://management-aims.com/index.php/mgmt/article/view/8904/18850start-up nationmacron (emmanuel)discourseentrepreneurshipcritical approachesbutler (judith)
spellingShingle Claire Champenois
Delphine Saurier
Élise Béliard
‘Start-Up Nation’: The Making and Performativity of an Empty Signifier
M@n@gement
start-up nation
macron (emmanuel)
discourse
entrepreneurship
critical approaches
butler (judith)
title ‘Start-Up Nation’: The Making and Performativity of an Empty Signifier
title_full ‘Start-Up Nation’: The Making and Performativity of an Empty Signifier
title_fullStr ‘Start-Up Nation’: The Making and Performativity of an Empty Signifier
title_full_unstemmed ‘Start-Up Nation’: The Making and Performativity of an Empty Signifier
title_short ‘Start-Up Nation’: The Making and Performativity of an Empty Signifier
title_sort start up nation the making and performativity of an empty signifier
topic start-up nation
macron (emmanuel)
discourse
entrepreneurship
critical approaches
butler (judith)
url https://management-aims.com/index.php/mgmt/article/view/8904/18850
work_keys_str_mv AT clairechampenois startupnationthemakingandperformativityofanemptysignifier
AT delphinesaurier startupnationthemakingandperformativityofanemptysignifier
AT elisebeliard startupnationthemakingandperformativityofanemptysignifier