Effects of taking a nap or break immediately after night shift on nurses’ fatigue recovery and sleep episodes: a quasi-experimental study

Abstract Background Excessive fatigue, sleep deprivation, and poor intershift recovery after night shifts are associated with an increased risk of traffic accidents and maladaptive chronic fatigue. However, little is known about whether taking a nap or break immediately after a night shift improves...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Issei Konya, Inaho Shishido, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Masayuki Ikebuchi, Toshiyasu Tanaka, Hisao Kataoka, Rika Yano
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:Journal of Physiological Anthropology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40101-025-00399-2
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849235484500295680
author Issei Konya
Inaho Shishido
Kazuhiro Watanabe
Masayuki Ikebuchi
Toshiyasu Tanaka
Hisao Kataoka
Rika Yano
author_facet Issei Konya
Inaho Shishido
Kazuhiro Watanabe
Masayuki Ikebuchi
Toshiyasu Tanaka
Hisao Kataoka
Rika Yano
author_sort Issei Konya
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Excessive fatigue, sleep deprivation, and poor intershift recovery after night shifts are associated with an increased risk of traffic accidents and maladaptive chronic fatigue. However, little is known about whether taking a nap or break immediately after a night shift improves fatigue recovery and sleep among nurses. This study aimed to examine the effects of taking a 30-min nap or break immediately after a 16-h night shift on fatigue recovery and sleep episodes among nurses. Methods A quasi-experimental crossover study was conducted with 62 nurses who worked 16-h night shifts. Nurses were randomly assigned to two condition sequences (AB or BA): (A) intervention (the nurses took a 30-min nap or break in a nap environment control system after a night shift) and (B) control (the nurses went home as usual after a night shift). Fatigue was measured immediately after the night shift, after taking a nap or break, and after getting up from nighttime sleep on the day after the night shift. Sleep episodes were assessed using a wearable device. Outcomes were compared between the two conditions. Results In the intervention condition, fatigue immediately after the night shift was significantly reduced by taking a nap or break, with a large effect size. Recovery from “local pain or dullness,” one of the symptoms of work-related fatigue, was significantly higher in the intervention than control condition. Compared to the control condition, the intervention condition significantly delayed the timing of the first sleep episode, whereas no significant differences were observed in the main sleep parameters. Conclusions Taking a nap or break immediately after the night shift could be a countermeasure to address fatigue/sleep-related problems among nurses. For nursing managers, encouraging nurses to take a nap or break immediately after the night shift could be a viable option in comprehensive fatigue risk management. Therefore, appropriate napping environments should be installed in clinical settings. Trial registration: UMIN000038444 (date of registration: 30 Oct 2019)
format Article
id doaj-art-c318efeec3a14e1194e138d976d8e82b
institution Kabale University
issn 1880-6805
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Journal of Physiological Anthropology
spelling doaj-art-c318efeec3a14e1194e138d976d8e82b2025-08-20T04:02:45ZengBMCJournal of Physiological Anthropology1880-68052025-07-0144111410.1186/s40101-025-00399-2Effects of taking a nap or break immediately after night shift on nurses’ fatigue recovery and sleep episodes: a quasi-experimental studyIssei Konya0Inaho Shishido1Kazuhiro Watanabe2Masayuki Ikebuchi3Toshiyasu Tanaka4Hisao Kataoka5Rika Yano6Division of Nursing, Hokkaido University HospitalFaculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido UniversityGraduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido UniversityLighting Development Center, Electric Works Company, Panasonic CorporationLighting Development Center, Electric Works Company, Panasonic CorporationLighting Development Center, Electric Works Company, Panasonic CorporationFaculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido UniversityAbstract Background Excessive fatigue, sleep deprivation, and poor intershift recovery after night shifts are associated with an increased risk of traffic accidents and maladaptive chronic fatigue. However, little is known about whether taking a nap or break immediately after a night shift improves fatigue recovery and sleep among nurses. This study aimed to examine the effects of taking a 30-min nap or break immediately after a 16-h night shift on fatigue recovery and sleep episodes among nurses. Methods A quasi-experimental crossover study was conducted with 62 nurses who worked 16-h night shifts. Nurses were randomly assigned to two condition sequences (AB or BA): (A) intervention (the nurses took a 30-min nap or break in a nap environment control system after a night shift) and (B) control (the nurses went home as usual after a night shift). Fatigue was measured immediately after the night shift, after taking a nap or break, and after getting up from nighttime sleep on the day after the night shift. Sleep episodes were assessed using a wearable device. Outcomes were compared between the two conditions. Results In the intervention condition, fatigue immediately after the night shift was significantly reduced by taking a nap or break, with a large effect size. Recovery from “local pain or dullness,” one of the symptoms of work-related fatigue, was significantly higher in the intervention than control condition. Compared to the control condition, the intervention condition significantly delayed the timing of the first sleep episode, whereas no significant differences were observed in the main sleep parameters. Conclusions Taking a nap or break immediately after the night shift could be a countermeasure to address fatigue/sleep-related problems among nurses. For nursing managers, encouraging nurses to take a nap or break immediately after the night shift could be a viable option in comprehensive fatigue risk management. Therefore, appropriate napping environments should be installed in clinical settings. Trial registration: UMIN000038444 (date of registration: 30 Oct 2019)https://doi.org/10.1186/s40101-025-00399-2FatigueNursesNight shiftShift workSleepRecovery
spellingShingle Issei Konya
Inaho Shishido
Kazuhiro Watanabe
Masayuki Ikebuchi
Toshiyasu Tanaka
Hisao Kataoka
Rika Yano
Effects of taking a nap or break immediately after night shift on nurses’ fatigue recovery and sleep episodes: a quasi-experimental study
Journal of Physiological Anthropology
Fatigue
Nurses
Night shift
Shift work
Sleep
Recovery
title Effects of taking a nap or break immediately after night shift on nurses’ fatigue recovery and sleep episodes: a quasi-experimental study
title_full Effects of taking a nap or break immediately after night shift on nurses’ fatigue recovery and sleep episodes: a quasi-experimental study
title_fullStr Effects of taking a nap or break immediately after night shift on nurses’ fatigue recovery and sleep episodes: a quasi-experimental study
title_full_unstemmed Effects of taking a nap or break immediately after night shift on nurses’ fatigue recovery and sleep episodes: a quasi-experimental study
title_short Effects of taking a nap or break immediately after night shift on nurses’ fatigue recovery and sleep episodes: a quasi-experimental study
title_sort effects of taking a nap or break immediately after night shift on nurses fatigue recovery and sleep episodes a quasi experimental study
topic Fatigue
Nurses
Night shift
Shift work
Sleep
Recovery
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40101-025-00399-2
work_keys_str_mv AT isseikonya effectsoftakinganaporbreakimmediatelyafternightshiftonnursesfatiguerecoveryandsleepepisodesaquasiexperimentalstudy
AT inahoshishido effectsoftakinganaporbreakimmediatelyafternightshiftonnursesfatiguerecoveryandsleepepisodesaquasiexperimentalstudy
AT kazuhirowatanabe effectsoftakinganaporbreakimmediatelyafternightshiftonnursesfatiguerecoveryandsleepepisodesaquasiexperimentalstudy
AT masayukiikebuchi effectsoftakinganaporbreakimmediatelyafternightshiftonnursesfatiguerecoveryandsleepepisodesaquasiexperimentalstudy
AT toshiyasutanaka effectsoftakinganaporbreakimmediatelyafternightshiftonnursesfatiguerecoveryandsleepepisodesaquasiexperimentalstudy
AT hisaokataoka effectsoftakinganaporbreakimmediatelyafternightshiftonnursesfatiguerecoveryandsleepepisodesaquasiexperimentalstudy
AT rikayano effectsoftakinganaporbreakimmediatelyafternightshiftonnursesfatiguerecoveryandsleepepisodesaquasiexperimentalstudy