Elucidating time divergence and biogeography of Euonymus hamiltonianus complex using complete plastome analysis
Abstract The evolutionary history of Euonymus L., within the Celastraceae family has been understudied. Within this genus E. hamiltonianus Wall., belonging to E. sect. Biloculares have slight variations in morphology due to their high ecological range, leading to different varieties and subspecies....
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-08-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13321-8 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849333518078836736 |
|---|---|
| author | Shayan Jamshed Joo-Hwan Kim |
| author_facet | Shayan Jamshed Joo-Hwan Kim |
| author_sort | Shayan Jamshed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The evolutionary history of Euonymus L., within the Celastraceae family has been understudied. Within this genus E. hamiltonianus Wall., belonging to E. sect. Biloculares have slight variations in morphology due to their high ecological range, leading to different varieties and subspecies. This has caused debate on the species status of many taxa. This study we investigate the plastome of E. hamiltonianus complex and related species in E. sect. Biloculares. It was aimed to observe the similarities and differences in the plastome, to clarify the ambiguities and evolutionary relationships within this complex. Plastome showed high similarities in coding regions and conserved quadripartite structure (156,881–158,434 bp). E. hamiltonianus complex had rps19 located in the LSC region. ndhF was reportedly a pseudogene in E. hamiltonianus (Mugabsan, South Korea). In all the investigated species, rps16 lacked introns. A resolved relation was observed among the taxa of E. hamiltonianus complex, and the species closely related to these (100% Bootstrap & 1.0 PP). E. sieboldianus Blume was observed at a position between the two taxa of E. hamiltonianus, making it a possible synonymy. E. europaeus L., and E. velutinus Fisch. & C.A.Mey., formed separate lineages. Molecular dating suggests that E. hamiltonianus complex originated in East Asia during the Middle Miocene Transition, which is a significant phase within the Neogene era, supporting the hypothesis that Euonymus originated in East Asia and E. hamiltonianus complex is estimated to develop in East Asia and diversified across the Far East during this period. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c312d7cae1c144c0b2b98a2314dae8ac |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-c312d7cae1c144c0b2b98a2314dae8ac2025-08-20T03:45:49ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115111510.1038/s41598-025-13321-8Elucidating time divergence and biogeography of Euonymus hamiltonianus complex using complete plastome analysisShayan Jamshed0Joo-Hwan Kim1Department of Life Sciences, Gachon UniversityDepartment of Life Sciences, Gachon UniversityAbstract The evolutionary history of Euonymus L., within the Celastraceae family has been understudied. Within this genus E. hamiltonianus Wall., belonging to E. sect. Biloculares have slight variations in morphology due to their high ecological range, leading to different varieties and subspecies. This has caused debate on the species status of many taxa. This study we investigate the plastome of E. hamiltonianus complex and related species in E. sect. Biloculares. It was aimed to observe the similarities and differences in the plastome, to clarify the ambiguities and evolutionary relationships within this complex. Plastome showed high similarities in coding regions and conserved quadripartite structure (156,881–158,434 bp). E. hamiltonianus complex had rps19 located in the LSC region. ndhF was reportedly a pseudogene in E. hamiltonianus (Mugabsan, South Korea). In all the investigated species, rps16 lacked introns. A resolved relation was observed among the taxa of E. hamiltonianus complex, and the species closely related to these (100% Bootstrap & 1.0 PP). E. sieboldianus Blume was observed at a position between the two taxa of E. hamiltonianus, making it a possible synonymy. E. europaeus L., and E. velutinus Fisch. & C.A.Mey., formed separate lineages. Molecular dating suggests that E. hamiltonianus complex originated in East Asia during the Middle Miocene Transition, which is a significant phase within the Neogene era, supporting the hypothesis that Euonymus originated in East Asia and E. hamiltonianus complex is estimated to develop in East Asia and diversified across the Far East during this period.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13321-8DisjunctionEuonymus hamiltonianus complexEuonymus sect. BilocularesEast AsiaWest AsiaNorth America |
| spellingShingle | Shayan Jamshed Joo-Hwan Kim Elucidating time divergence and biogeography of Euonymus hamiltonianus complex using complete plastome analysis Scientific Reports Disjunction Euonymus hamiltonianus complex Euonymus sect. Biloculares East Asia West Asia North America |
| title | Elucidating time divergence and biogeography of Euonymus hamiltonianus complex using complete plastome analysis |
| title_full | Elucidating time divergence and biogeography of Euonymus hamiltonianus complex using complete plastome analysis |
| title_fullStr | Elucidating time divergence and biogeography of Euonymus hamiltonianus complex using complete plastome analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Elucidating time divergence and biogeography of Euonymus hamiltonianus complex using complete plastome analysis |
| title_short | Elucidating time divergence and biogeography of Euonymus hamiltonianus complex using complete plastome analysis |
| title_sort | elucidating time divergence and biogeography of euonymus hamiltonianus complex using complete plastome analysis |
| topic | Disjunction Euonymus hamiltonianus complex Euonymus sect. Biloculares East Asia West Asia North America |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13321-8 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shayanjamshed elucidatingtimedivergenceandbiogeographyofeuonymushamiltonianuscomplexusingcompleteplastomeanalysis AT joohwankim elucidatingtimedivergenceandbiogeographyofeuonymushamiltonianuscomplexusingcompleteplastomeanalysis |