Linear and Nonlinear Modelling of the Usable Area of Buildings with Multi-Pitched Roofs
One of the key elements in real estate appraisal of residential buildings is the usable area. To determine the monetary value of real estate, appraisers in Poland often rely on transaction data registered in the Real Estate Price Register (REPR). However, the REPR may contain meaningful gaps, partic...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| author | Leszek Dawid Anna Barańska Paweł Baran Urszula Ala-Karvia |
| author_facet | Leszek Dawid Anna Barańska Paweł Baran Urszula Ala-Karvia |
| author_sort | Leszek Dawid |
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| description | One of the key elements in real estate appraisal of residential buildings is the usable area. To determine the monetary value of real estate, appraisers in Poland often rely on transaction data registered in the Real Estate Price Register (REPR). However, the REPR may contain meaningful gaps, particularly on information concerning usable areas. This may lead to difficulties in finding suitable comparative properties, resulting in mispricing of the property. To address this problem, we used linear and nonlinear models to estimate the usable area of buildings with multi-pitched roofs. Utilizing widely available data from the Topographic Objects Database (BDOT10k) based on LiDAR technology, we have shown that three parameters (building’s covered area, building’s height, and optionally the number of storeys) are sufficient for a reliable estimate of the usable area of a building. The best linear model, using design data from architectural offices, achieved a fit of 95%, while the best model based on real data of existing buildings in the city of Koszalin, Poland achieved 92% fit. The best nonlinear model achieved slightly better results than the linear model in the case of design data (better fit by approximately 0.2%). In the case of existing buildings in Koszalin, the best fit was at 93%. The proposed method may help property appraisers determine a more accurate estimation of the usable area of comparative buildings in the absence of this information in the REPR. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c2a0246d600a4dfbaf2758f2e261e49f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-c2a0246d600a4dfbaf2758f2e261e49f2025-08-20T02:55:35ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172024-12-0114241185010.3390/app142411850Linear and Nonlinear Modelling of the Usable Area of Buildings with Multi-Pitched RoofsLeszek Dawid0Anna Barańska1Paweł Baran2Urszula Ala-Karvia3Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental and Geodetic Sciences, Technical University of Koszalin, 75-453 Koszalin, PolandFaculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, PolandInstitute of Economics and Finance, University of Szczecin, 71-101 Szczecin, PolandFaculty of Agriculture and Forestry Ruralia Institute, University of Helsinki, 60320 Seinäjoki, FinlandOne of the key elements in real estate appraisal of residential buildings is the usable area. To determine the monetary value of real estate, appraisers in Poland often rely on transaction data registered in the Real Estate Price Register (REPR). However, the REPR may contain meaningful gaps, particularly on information concerning usable areas. This may lead to difficulties in finding suitable comparative properties, resulting in mispricing of the property. To address this problem, we used linear and nonlinear models to estimate the usable area of buildings with multi-pitched roofs. Utilizing widely available data from the Topographic Objects Database (BDOT10k) based on LiDAR technology, we have shown that three parameters (building’s covered area, building’s height, and optionally the number of storeys) are sufficient for a reliable estimate of the usable area of a building. The best linear model, using design data from architectural offices, achieved a fit of 95%, while the best model based on real data of existing buildings in the city of Koszalin, Poland achieved 92% fit. The best nonlinear model achieved slightly better results than the linear model in the case of design data (better fit by approximately 0.2%). In the case of existing buildings in Koszalin, the best fit was at 93%. The proposed method may help property appraisers determine a more accurate estimation of the usable area of comparative buildings in the absence of this information in the REPR.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/24/11850real estate appraisalurban remote sensingGIScienceLiDARlinear and nonlinear regressionmathematical modelling |
| spellingShingle | Leszek Dawid Anna Barańska Paweł Baran Urszula Ala-Karvia Linear and Nonlinear Modelling of the Usable Area of Buildings with Multi-Pitched Roofs Applied Sciences real estate appraisal urban remote sensing GIScience LiDAR linear and nonlinear regression mathematical modelling |
| title | Linear and Nonlinear Modelling of the Usable Area of Buildings with Multi-Pitched Roofs |
| title_full | Linear and Nonlinear Modelling of the Usable Area of Buildings with Multi-Pitched Roofs |
| title_fullStr | Linear and Nonlinear Modelling of the Usable Area of Buildings with Multi-Pitched Roofs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Linear and Nonlinear Modelling of the Usable Area of Buildings with Multi-Pitched Roofs |
| title_short | Linear and Nonlinear Modelling of the Usable Area of Buildings with Multi-Pitched Roofs |
| title_sort | linear and nonlinear modelling of the usable area of buildings with multi pitched roofs |
| topic | real estate appraisal urban remote sensing GIScience LiDAR linear and nonlinear regression mathematical modelling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/24/11850 |
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