Identification and Validation of qRT-PCR Reference Genes for Analyzing <i>Arabidopsis</i> Responses to High-Temperature Stress

Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is an essential tool for analyzing and selecting stable reference genes. In order to screen for suitable reference genes under high-temperature stress conditions in <i>Arabidopsis</i>, this study measured the relative expression levels of 17 candidate...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Siyu Chen, Qi Cai, Peipei Liu, Jingru Liu, Guanzhou Chen, Hanwei Yan, Han Zheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Current Issues in Molecular Biology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/46/12/857
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850042268842459136
author Siyu Chen
Qi Cai
Peipei Liu
Jingru Liu
Guanzhou Chen
Hanwei Yan
Han Zheng
author_facet Siyu Chen
Qi Cai
Peipei Liu
Jingru Liu
Guanzhou Chen
Hanwei Yan
Han Zheng
author_sort Siyu Chen
collection DOAJ
description Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is an essential tool for analyzing and selecting stable reference genes. In order to screen for suitable reference genes under high-temperature stress conditions in <i>Arabidopsis</i>, this study measured the relative expression levels of 17 candidate reference genes using qRT-PCR. Among these, four are traditional reference genes, while the remaining thirteen are candidate reference genes with no previous reports on their use as reference genes. The expression stability of the candidate reference gene expression was analyzed and evaluated using five methods: ΔCt, geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder. The results indicated that the <i>LHCB4.1</i> and <i>LHCB5</i> genes displayed the highest stability in expression under high-temperature stress conditions. To verify the stability of the reference genes, we treated <i>Arabidopsis</i> with high-temperature stress, used the selected <i>LHCB4.1</i> and <i>LHCB5</i> as references, and analyzed the expression of the heat-responsive gene <i>HSFA2</i> using qRT-PCR. The results showed that when <i>LHCB4.1</i> and <i>LHCB5</i> were used individually or in combination as reference genes, the relative expression of <i>HSFA2</i> significantly increased and remained consistent under high-temperature treatment. This indicates that both <i>LHCB4.1</i> and <i>LHCB5</i> are suitable reference genes for qRT-PCR analysis in <i>Arabidopsis</i> exposed to high-temperature stress. The novel reference genes identified in this study will serve as a reliable reference standard for gene expression studies in <i>Arabidopsis</i> under high-temperature stress, thereby enhancing the accuracy and comparability of experimental data.
format Article
id doaj-art-c296ed73b06d45f28a37f38243df7dc4
institution DOAJ
issn 1467-3037
1467-3045
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Current Issues in Molecular Biology
spelling doaj-art-c296ed73b06d45f28a37f38243df7dc42025-08-20T02:55:36ZengMDPI AGCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology1467-30371467-30452024-12-014612143041432010.3390/cimb46120857Identification and Validation of qRT-PCR Reference Genes for Analyzing <i>Arabidopsis</i> Responses to High-Temperature StressSiyu Chen0Qi Cai1Peipei Liu2Jingru Liu3Guanzhou Chen4Hanwei Yan5Han Zheng6National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, ChinaLaboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, ChinaQuantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is an essential tool for analyzing and selecting stable reference genes. In order to screen for suitable reference genes under high-temperature stress conditions in <i>Arabidopsis</i>, this study measured the relative expression levels of 17 candidate reference genes using qRT-PCR. Among these, four are traditional reference genes, while the remaining thirteen are candidate reference genes with no previous reports on their use as reference genes. The expression stability of the candidate reference gene expression was analyzed and evaluated using five methods: ΔCt, geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder. The results indicated that the <i>LHCB4.1</i> and <i>LHCB5</i> genes displayed the highest stability in expression under high-temperature stress conditions. To verify the stability of the reference genes, we treated <i>Arabidopsis</i> with high-temperature stress, used the selected <i>LHCB4.1</i> and <i>LHCB5</i> as references, and analyzed the expression of the heat-responsive gene <i>HSFA2</i> using qRT-PCR. The results showed that when <i>LHCB4.1</i> and <i>LHCB5</i> were used individually or in combination as reference genes, the relative expression of <i>HSFA2</i> significantly increased and remained consistent under high-temperature treatment. This indicates that both <i>LHCB4.1</i> and <i>LHCB5</i> are suitable reference genes for qRT-PCR analysis in <i>Arabidopsis</i> exposed to high-temperature stress. The novel reference genes identified in this study will serve as a reliable reference standard for gene expression studies in <i>Arabidopsis</i> under high-temperature stress, thereby enhancing the accuracy and comparability of experimental data.https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/46/12/857<i>Arabidopsis</i>qRT-PCRhigh-temperature stressreference genes
spellingShingle Siyu Chen
Qi Cai
Peipei Liu
Jingru Liu
Guanzhou Chen
Hanwei Yan
Han Zheng
Identification and Validation of qRT-PCR Reference Genes for Analyzing <i>Arabidopsis</i> Responses to High-Temperature Stress
Current Issues in Molecular Biology
<i>Arabidopsis</i>
qRT-PCR
high-temperature stress
reference genes
title Identification and Validation of qRT-PCR Reference Genes for Analyzing <i>Arabidopsis</i> Responses to High-Temperature Stress
title_full Identification and Validation of qRT-PCR Reference Genes for Analyzing <i>Arabidopsis</i> Responses to High-Temperature Stress
title_fullStr Identification and Validation of qRT-PCR Reference Genes for Analyzing <i>Arabidopsis</i> Responses to High-Temperature Stress
title_full_unstemmed Identification and Validation of qRT-PCR Reference Genes for Analyzing <i>Arabidopsis</i> Responses to High-Temperature Stress
title_short Identification and Validation of qRT-PCR Reference Genes for Analyzing <i>Arabidopsis</i> Responses to High-Temperature Stress
title_sort identification and validation of qrt pcr reference genes for analyzing i arabidopsis i responses to high temperature stress
topic <i>Arabidopsis</i>
qRT-PCR
high-temperature stress
reference genes
url https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/46/12/857
work_keys_str_mv AT siyuchen identificationandvalidationofqrtpcrreferencegenesforanalyzingiarabidopsisiresponsestohightemperaturestress
AT qicai identificationandvalidationofqrtpcrreferencegenesforanalyzingiarabidopsisiresponsestohightemperaturestress
AT peipeiliu identificationandvalidationofqrtpcrreferencegenesforanalyzingiarabidopsisiresponsestohightemperaturestress
AT jingruliu identificationandvalidationofqrtpcrreferencegenesforanalyzingiarabidopsisiresponsestohightemperaturestress
AT guanzhouchen identificationandvalidationofqrtpcrreferencegenesforanalyzingiarabidopsisiresponsestohightemperaturestress
AT hanweiyan identificationandvalidationofqrtpcrreferencegenesforanalyzingiarabidopsisiresponsestohightemperaturestress
AT hanzheng identificationandvalidationofqrtpcrreferencegenesforanalyzingiarabidopsisiresponsestohightemperaturestress