Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Irisin and Skeletal Muscle Autophagy in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice
As a chronic inflammatory disease, atherosclerosis can affect the occurrence of skeletal muscle autophagy through a variety of mechanisms. Previous studies have demonstrated that exercise enhances autophagic activity through irisin-mediated pathways. Building upon this evidence, this study investiga...
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2025-05-01
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| author | Wenxin Wang Fengting Zheng Jiawei Zhou Yangfan Cao Liang Zhang Yao Lu Qingbo Li Ting Li Mallikarjuna Korivi Lifeng Wang Wei Li |
| author_facet | Wenxin Wang Fengting Zheng Jiawei Zhou Yangfan Cao Liang Zhang Yao Lu Qingbo Li Ting Li Mallikarjuna Korivi Lifeng Wang Wei Li |
| author_sort | Wenxin Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As a chronic inflammatory disease, atherosclerosis can affect the occurrence of skeletal muscle autophagy through a variety of mechanisms. Previous studies have demonstrated that exercise enhances autophagic activity through irisin-mediated pathways. Building upon this evidence, this study investigated the effects of a 12-week aerobic exercise training on irisin levels and skeletal muscle autophagy-related proteins in atherosclerotic mice. Male C57BL/6J and <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> mice were randomly assigned to four groups: Control Group (C), Aerobic Exercise Group (CE), <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Control Group (AC), and <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Aerobic Exercise Group (AE). Serum and muscle irisin levels were measured by ELISA; the expression levels of FNDC5, AMPK/mTOR pathway proteins and autophagy markers were detected by immunoblots, and muscle morphology was examined using H&E staining. Compared with the C group, the serum levels of TAG, TC, and LDL-C were higher than the AC group. Aerobic exercise increased irisin levels in skeletal muscle, upregulated the expression of LKB1 and p-AMPK, and presented an elevated LC3-II/I ratio, accompanied by reduced mTORC1 expression in CE mice. Aerobic exercise increased FNDC5 expression and irisin levels in serum and skeletal muscle, but also upregulated mTORC1 expression and reduced the LC3-II/I ratio in the AE group. Aerobic exercise enhances irisin synthesis and improves dyslipidemia in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> mice. However, the increased expression of the mTORC1 protein contributed to decreasing the expression of autophagy-related proteins following exercise. |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 1467-3037 1467-3045 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
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| series | Current Issues in Molecular Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-c28c1ee86e174234865e00ec74ce1d9c2025-08-20T01:56:16ZengMDPI AGCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology1467-30371467-30452025-05-0147537110.3390/cimb47050371Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Irisin and Skeletal Muscle Autophagy in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> MiceWenxin Wang0Fengting Zheng1Jiawei Zhou2Yangfan Cao3Liang Zhang4Yao Lu5Qingbo Li6Ting Li7Mallikarjuna Korivi8Lifeng Wang9Wei Li10College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaCollege of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaCollege of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaCollege of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaCollege of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaCollege of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaCollege of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaCollege of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaCollege of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaCollege of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaCollege of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaAs a chronic inflammatory disease, atherosclerosis can affect the occurrence of skeletal muscle autophagy through a variety of mechanisms. Previous studies have demonstrated that exercise enhances autophagic activity through irisin-mediated pathways. Building upon this evidence, this study investigated the effects of a 12-week aerobic exercise training on irisin levels and skeletal muscle autophagy-related proteins in atherosclerotic mice. Male C57BL/6J and <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> mice were randomly assigned to four groups: Control Group (C), Aerobic Exercise Group (CE), <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Control Group (AC), and <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Aerobic Exercise Group (AE). Serum and muscle irisin levels were measured by ELISA; the expression levels of FNDC5, AMPK/mTOR pathway proteins and autophagy markers were detected by immunoblots, and muscle morphology was examined using H&E staining. Compared with the C group, the serum levels of TAG, TC, and LDL-C were higher than the AC group. Aerobic exercise increased irisin levels in skeletal muscle, upregulated the expression of LKB1 and p-AMPK, and presented an elevated LC3-II/I ratio, accompanied by reduced mTORC1 expression in CE mice. Aerobic exercise increased FNDC5 expression and irisin levels in serum and skeletal muscle, but also upregulated mTORC1 expression and reduced the LC3-II/I ratio in the AE group. Aerobic exercise enhances irisin synthesis and improves dyslipidemia in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> mice. However, the increased expression of the mTORC1 protein contributed to decreasing the expression of autophagy-related proteins following exercise.https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/5/371atherosclerosisskeletal muscleaerobic trainingautophagyirisin |
| spellingShingle | Wenxin Wang Fengting Zheng Jiawei Zhou Yangfan Cao Liang Zhang Yao Lu Qingbo Li Ting Li Mallikarjuna Korivi Lifeng Wang Wei Li Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Irisin and Skeletal Muscle Autophagy in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice Current Issues in Molecular Biology atherosclerosis skeletal muscle aerobic training autophagy irisin |
| title | Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Irisin and Skeletal Muscle Autophagy in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice |
| title_full | Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Irisin and Skeletal Muscle Autophagy in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Irisin and Skeletal Muscle Autophagy in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Irisin and Skeletal Muscle Autophagy in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice |
| title_short | Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Irisin and Skeletal Muscle Autophagy in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice |
| title_sort | effects of aerobic exercise on irisin and skeletal muscle autophagy in i apoe sup sup i mice |
| topic | atherosclerosis skeletal muscle aerobic training autophagy irisin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/5/371 |
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